Whatever They Told You About Research Paper for Free Is Dead Wrong...And Heres Why

Whatever They Told You About Research Paper for Free Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why Understanding Research Paper for Free If you aren't content with the essay, it's your right to request modification or revision. As soon as you've found the citation for a paper which is related to your advanced science undertaking, the next step is really obtaining a copy so you may read it. You are able to choose a topic by brainstorming ideas, and then doing some preliminary investigating to be sure information exists on this issue and that the range of the topic is acceptable for your paper. A superb research thesis is crystal clear and specific. The prosperous research study may be used for a long time by other authors for referencing. Opt for an intriguing topic so the all-natural progression toward the topic is going to be transmitted effortlessly. Modern-day researchers demonstrate that standardized testing can't properly define the actual understanding of a subject. New Ideas Into Research Paper for Free Never Before Revealed The intensive and fast lifestyle of a contemporary college or university student is pushing us to seek the services of professional writing services to find the high-quality papers because many people lack time for it. Links lead to other websites, where you might have to buy the info, but you can look for full-text articles only. Previously called Microsoft Academic Search, it is composed of some intriguing features like information reading among many more. It's quite normal for students to be pressed for time and truly feel anxious with the variety of assignments you need to complete on the normal basis. You can do research in a variety of various ways. In the guide, the authors describe that the government receives the best proportion of its income from taxes supplied by tax payers in a specific nation. In the new academic decades, it's been found that lots of students elect for research paper help from professional services. The issue is that a good deal of students aren't very good at research and writing. Usually you simply pay the price of the paper copy. Even when you have the time to truly dive into a research paper, you might still wind up struggling. Make certain that when you click the link, the full paper appears on your screen. When you click on a totally free research paper' link, visit the close of the page and check whether there are any tiny boxes placed strategically somewhere in the center of the research paper. You always need to read you paper through from beginning to end and actively check for errors of any kind. For this reason, you are going to be using citations in your paper. When you are sure, you can go right ahead and use it. Despite all the above searching methods, you might not be able to discover a totally free copy of the paper online. All you have to do is make your purchase! What you have to do is to fill out the purchase form, make a payment, and in two or three minutes, you will receive your individual essay helper. You will receive a totally free anti-plagiarism report with your assignment too. Just keep in mind that the safest means is to use examples and samples as intended. If you order from us, you can find a draft of your paper to be certain your writer is heading in the correct direction. The time of writing for every specific author can differ. For instance, if you're writing a paper on the Revolutionary War, you might want to read American history books that handle the subject. As a way to request exactly the same writer who did the totally free research paper you liked, and give him your assignment to finish, you can go to our tremendous database that has the profiles for each and every freelance writer with whom we cooperate. Writing is their true passion, and they're all set to take up your purchase now! Family is among the main values in life. All About Research Paper for Free You've got an opportunity to make your college times the very best in your life. Sooner or later, it's far better to read the entire draft again and correct the mistakes rather than doing it in the start. You've got a chance to manage your time wisely, escape from your troubles and get the grades you have dreamed of! No one likes to admit they don't have time for everything. You necessitate a research paper service which will provide you with the very best customer experience possible. View How it Works for an in depth view of our expert services. There are various academic search engines. A multidisciplinary search engine, JURN supplies you with links to different scholarly sites, articles, and journals which are all totally free access or open access. When you get a research paper from a business, you would like to make certain you are getting the degree of consumer service you have earned. Distinct writers need various rates. When you get research papers for sale on the internet, you should work with the writer for a team to acquire an ideal outcome. There are many choices on the net and besides, if you are purchasing your paper online, generally, every online writing service has an integrated tool so as to make sure the students in the originality and high quality of their papers. What You Should Do About Research Paper for Free Starting in the Next 20 Minutes Ways to get Started The very first step towards writing a top quality research paper is to organize what's to be written. Correct all errors which you can spot and enhance the total caliber of the paper to the best of your ability. For the matter, you may use the New Order option that will make it possible for you to receive in contact with the writers who show inte rest in your paper, and excellent comprehension of your instructions and requirements. Many students have already confirmed our completely free tool is a fantastic and convenient feature which helped them detect and fix errors that could cause a failure.

Bereavement As A Woman Of Color Strength Essay - 1550 Words

Tummala-Narra’s (2007) case study of Lisa I decided to consider bereavement as one of my DSM-5 diagnosis. In consideration to the information provided in Lisa’s case. It is known that bereavement is intense grief and longing for the deceased. This pain is expressed in mental, physical, emotional and social reactions. In particular to Lisa s case she exhibits mental, emotional and social reaction as a result of her parent’s death. In comparison to separation anxiety disorder is the fear of losing or the separation of attachment figures. For example, Lisa s parents death caused her to have feel unassertive and abandon. The sexual assault that occurred during her childhood made Lisa question her racial identity as she got older. She blames her whiteness for the reason she got assaulted instead of her sister whose dark than her. When Lisa mention her assault with a woman I can sympathize to why she perceive her whiteness as weakness and I understand as a woman of col or strength is the foundation of our growth as women. Lisa s parents death also made her experience feelings of abandonment she explains that her mother would have protected her from the sexual assault. In my opinion the absence of her mother could be a reason to why she is not comfortable in her skin (whiteness) and delaying her self-esteem growth. Lisa s church at first created a barrier between her seeking therapy primarily because of her cultural factors (i.e., African American). In addition, toShow MoreRelatedThe s Birthday Party. Jason And Kate s Wedding1327 Words   |  6 Pagesavoid future date conflicts. The one event that can not be planned is death. Death can not be rescheduled due to inclement weather. It does not discriminate. Everyone, regardless of race or color, gets a visit. No one can prepare for the hardships endured during bereavement. Joan Didion interprets bereavement as an unpredictable concept rather than a universal human experience. Didion introduces the essay with the routine of the universal human experience of grief. Grief is one aspect in life thatRead MoreConcept Analysis on Spirituality Essays3140 Words   |  13 Pagesaspects of the human being. Spirituality applies to both believers and non believers, including the presence of diverse cultural beliefs (Baldacchino Draper, 2001). Culliford stated that : â€Å"In times of emotional stress, physical illness, loss, bereavement and death human beings tend to find comfort, peace, inspiration, reverence and meaning by focusing on their spirituality whether they believe in God or not† (Culliford, 2002). In a study conducted by Tuck and Thingajana the meaning of spiritualityRead MoreCristobal Balenciaga, the Spanish Couturier3527 Words   |  15 Pagesfishing village located in the Basque region of Spain. During his early years he spent most of his time being an apprentice of his own mother who was a seamstress. During his teens the noblest woman of th e region, the Marquesa of Casa Torres became his patron and his first client. Balenciaga was send by the noble woman to Madrid to receive formal training in tailoring; she proudly wore and showed off the results. This opportunity gave a young Balenciaga success in his native country and made him one ofRead MoreDocumentary Photography3107 Words   |  12 Pagesbetween the authoritarian dictation of the photographic document and the artistic elucidation of the said object. The ambiguity that can seep into the works of photographers via this interpretative exercise, have actually become a critical source of strength for the numerous jacks of this trade. (Whelan) So basically it is this dualism that can set a critic on a journey to finding a prototype who knows the perfect balance between looking and seeing. The photographer that I have deemed suitable forRead More9 Poes Feminine Ideal Karen Weekes Poes Vision of the Feminine Ideal Appears Throughout His Work, in His Poetry and Short Stories, and His Critical Essays, Most Notably â€Å"the Philosophy of Composition. † Especially6318 Words   |  26 Pagesthe vulnerability of woman, a portrayal that extends into his fiction in stories such as â€Å"Eleonora† and â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher. † In these tales, and even moreso in â€Å"Morella† and â€Å"Ligeia, † the heroines unexpected capacities for life beyond the grave indicate that females may have more strength and initiative than the delicate models of his verse. The most significant trait of his ideal, however, is her role as emotional catalyst for her partner. The romanticized woman is much more significantRead MoreAncient Philippine Civilization4801 Words   |  20 Pagesonly contains fruit or flavoring (like chocolate malt drink powde r or  chocolate cookies), milk (except in some fruits), crushed ice, water and sugar. There are unusual flavors like durian. Gin-Pomelo (a certain type of citrus, popular to its pink color) Juice Powder Gin-Pineapple Juice Powder Brandy-Grape Juice Powder Pearl Shakes  - powder-flavored shakes with large tapioca pearls (sago) and syrup; come in a wide assortment of flavors including mango, ube, halo-halo, corn, pandan, buko, etc. -------------------------------------------------Read MoreConcept of Comfort3778 Words   |  16 Pageswere found. In the Old Testament, Bromiley (1976) described that the words ‘comfort’ are used for 15 Hebrew terms and also occur in free renderings. Mostly, however, they are used for nÄ ham, and this makes ‘comfort’ the main sense, especially in bereavement which is evident in the writings of the Holy Bible in Genesis 24:67. King James Version (1962) wrote, ‘And Isaac brought her into his mother Sarah s tent, and took Rebekah, and she became his wife; and he loved her: and Isaac was comforted afterRead MoreNordstrom: a Marketing Analysis10083 Words   |  41 PagesMarketing Analysis â€Å"Does the Company’s Marketing match its Mission?† Justin King Brittany Culver Michael Jorgensen Brief of Contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 5 Part 1 0 Swot Analysis 0 1. Internal Strengths and Weaknesses 0 †¢ History 0 †¢ Nature of Firm/Current Situation 0 †¢ Resources of Firm 0 †¢ Policies and Objectives 0 2. External Opprotunities and Threats 0 †¢ Social 0 Read MoreBlack Lesbian And Gay Families7002 Words   |  29 Pagesthe legislative and media spotlight, little attention has been placed on the significance of legalizing same sex marriage for Black families. This article will discuss the available research on Black lesbian and gay families, highlighting both the strengths and challenges these families negotiate. Focusing on the resources Black lesbian and gay families provide to the Black community, such as foster parenting and adopting Black children, mentoring runaway and throwaway Black youth and leadership onRead MoreMarriage and Cohabitation13809 Words   |  56 Pagesfact that religion, politics and culture plays a major role in influencing our ethical values and standard. 1.1 What is Marriage? Marriage, in common with many other subjects which touch the personal happiness and vital interests of man and woman, is attracting new and general attention. This movement is in accordance with the universal laws of human progress. We are impelled by the evils we suffer, and allured by the hope of gaining more light and attaining greater happiness, to seek for new

Luotang Power free essay sample

Luotang Power Company started in 1994 as an idea for a 600 Mega Watt coal-fired power plant in Central China that would be the least polluting of its size in the area. The bid to develop, finance, and operate the plant was won by an American independent power producer. One very important term was that the Loutang Power Company would be contracted on a build, operate, and transfer (BOT) basis and the factory would be given to the Chinese government after 20 years of operation at no cost. The US company provided $500 million in total financing, negotiated a fixed price for a coal supply with moisture content between 4%-6% with Pingdingshan, and contracted with HPPC for a minimum annual electricity purchase of 3,000,000,000 MWh annually, with excess sales at 65% of normal selling price. In 2002, the US independent power company sold its interest in Luotang to Hua Tong Power or â€Å"HT Power†. Commercial operation officially began in 2004. Situation Tan Min Yi, General Manager of Luotang Power Company, is preparing to present the 2011 Report of Operations to the Board of Directors of HT Power. This will be an especially difficult task because the financial reports showed poor performance in 2011 compared to the years prior. Tan knows his company improved both plant availability and fuel economy. He hopes to show the Board that certain price and efficiency factors are skewing the numbers and are out of his control. He will have to break down the volume changes by quality variance, price variance, fuel efficiency variance, and fuel cost variance to most accurately explain the losses. Tan would also propose that he formula for fixed costs be revised to help close the large gap between standard and actual costs. Not only should his presentation prove that his team performed well and that he is worthy of a promotion, but it should help guide HT Power on future power plant investments. Variance Evaluation The Summary of Recent Operating Performance provides the information needed to calculate the price and efficiency variables for Luotang Power Company for 2009-2011. Data Analysis Several conclusions can be drawn from examining the cost and efficiency variance data. Price variance is favorable overall. Price per MWh sold increase for both the normal take and the excess energy sold to HPPC. The sales mix in 2011 played a large part in that success because excess sales at the lower rate (only 65% of original price) were lower. However, all other calculated variances were unfavorable. Poor quantity variance from 2010-2011 was most likely due to HPPC being able to produce some electricity on its own and lower forecasted future demand. As mentioned, the amount sold at the excess rate in 2011 had decreased significantly from 2010. Fuel efficiency, the amount of coal needed to produce a MWh of electricity, also decreased significantly from 2009-2011. This supports Tan’s hypothesis that they are being sold lower quality coal from Pingdingshan. That also explains the unfavorable fuel cost variance. Luotang needs more coal to produce the same amount of electricity than in years past as well as having to pay for storage of coal that needs to be dried out before it can be used. Fixed cost variances were extremely unfavorable. Luotang estimated standard fixed cost per MWh by dividing estimated annual total fixed costs by plant capacity (in MWh per annum previous year). This method creates a large, underestimated variance in the actual depreciation expense and standard by $4,445,900. Fixed operating and maintenance was also underestimated by $5,890,000. Recommendations Coal quality is the major issue to be address to the HT Power Board of Directors. The poor quality of these inputs makes the accuracy of the 2011 Report of Operations so difficult to interpret. A coal supply that is on the lower end of quality, yet still within the accepted range, effects both the fuel efficiency and fuel cost variances. In addition, having to store the coal longer to dry out the excess moisture is costly and a fire hazard. It should be recommended that Luotang implement new ways to effectively manage its coal vendor. That may be to negotiate a smaller quality specification range than 3% or to create some sort of incentive for Pingdingshan to deliver coal on the higher end of that range. They may also leverage their original agreement with the fact that using more coal than originally planned puts Luotang in danger of violating the Chinese and World Bank emission standards. By better managing the quality, Luotang can effectively use less coal decreasing costs and raising profits. Tan Yi should follow his instinct to change the accounting performance system formula for standard fixed costs. The recommendation is his idea of basing fixed costs only to the contractual minimum of 3,000,000 MWh rather than the actual generation from the previous year. Dividing over a smaller denominator would increase the fixed costs per MWh reducing or possibly eliminating the unfavorable variances. Overall, this will improve the reporting and evaluation of the company. This change would also result in excess electricity only including variable costs which would better reward excess sales performance and compensate for its lower price. When considering expansion, a 2000 MWh addition would not be recommended because Luotang cannot guarantee that HPPC will need the additional electricity. Tan needs to make the Board understand that HPPC controls excess sales and makes them almost impossible to forecast accurately. It is in their best interested to recover their investment and maximize the profits on the guaranteed 3,000,000 MWh contract for the remaining years of operation before giving the factory back to the government.

Quality of Employee Performance in the Workplace

The quality of employee performance is one of the most important aspects of management in a workplace. Many aspects of management determine the quality of employee performance in the workplace. These include the style of management, management systems that have been put in place, employee motivation, and the work environment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Quality of Employee Performance in the Workplace specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More First, the style of management that managers adopt at the workplace determines the quality of performance of employees. Performance is boosted by involvement of employees in the decision-making process, equal treatment, effective communication, and encouragement of innovation and creativity. Employee performance improves when employees are allowed to make organizational decisions in their fields and allowed practice their creativity and innovativeness. Good managers allow employe es to decide what is fit for them in the workplace. They neither dictate nor command, and they encourage open discussions and sharing of information. This motivates employees and creates a sense of belonging and value, which helps to improve performance. Secondly, developing an appropriate work environment is an important aspect in determining the quality of employee performance. Managers should establish workplace rules and regulations that motivate employees to achieve the organization’s goals and objectives. In addition, the quality of values, norms, and the corporate culture determine the quality of performance. Employees follow the rules and regulations that govern employee behavior and performance at the workplace. Therefore, managers should consider employee needs and preferences when establishing rules and regulations to govern them at the workplace. The workplace environment should encourage employee freedom, creativity, and individual initiative without creating a f eeling of restriction or limitation. Thirdly, motivation is a vital aspect of employee performance. Motivated employees work harder, provide high quality customer service, are more creative and innovative, handle challenges effectively, and are good problem solvers. Managers can use several methods to motivate employees. These include employee recognition, rewards, and training.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Recognition and rewards are two of the most commonly methods used by managers to improve performance. These two methods create a feeling of being valued by an organization and as such, motivate employees to work more. Incentives such as free memberships to health clubs, free holiday trips, and personal days help employees to relax, spend time with their families, and reduce work related stress. This leads to improved employee performance. Fourthly, developing managemen t systems such as education, training, and development is vital. Employee training helps employees to know and understand what they are expected to do in order to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. These systems should provide the necessary tools and skills that help to improve employee performance. Developing the skills of employees is important in motivating them. Managers should establish employee development courses that ensure that employees constantly engage in activities that improve their skills and performance at the workplace. Appropriate employee behavior is vital in ensuring good customer service. From a manager’s perspective, employees should be honest, kind, polite and patient in order to offer high quality customer service. Customers have different personalities and it is important for employees to know how to deal with different personalities. Employees should listen to customer complaints and feedback and respond appropriately. This is vita l in efforts to create customer loyalty. Employees should also research on customer needs and preferences in order for them to serve them better. Politeness and kindness make customers feel respected and valued by an organization. Employee training should include methods of ensuring high quality customer service. This essay on Quality of Employee Performance in the Workplace was written and submitted by user Finnegan Gallegos to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Kudler Fine Food Marketing Strategy and Tactics

Kudler Fine Food Marketing Strategy and Tactics Kudler Fine Food was established in 1998 by Kathy Kudler whose vision was to create a store with all the necessary products for a gourmet cook. The vision and mission of the organization is to support customers with the freshest ingredients for reasonable prices gathered from different parts of the world for passionate gourmet cooking.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kudler Fine Food Marketing Strategy and Tactics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kudler Fine Food is located in three parts of the USA and offers the services of the home delivery. One of the most important marketing strategies the organization implements is its specialization in both food and cooking tools (Kudler Fine Food, 2011). This advantageous strategy helps Kudler Fine Food remain a leader in the niche, however, additional marketing research is necessary to remain successful participants in the sphere of gourmet cooking. The Areas for Additional Marketing Research for Kudler Fine Food Basing on the Perner’s research (2008), it is possible to conclude that food industry is a highly competitive sphere of business. To remain a leader, much information should be considered and thorough research conducted with the purpose to use the gathered information for creating a strategic plan for further development. Using the research conducted by Perner (2008), the following areas for additional marketing research for Kudler Fine Food can be highlighted. The study of demographics is important as Kudler Fine Food should be aware of the age category of those who need its services and predict the future trends for a target audience. The characteristics of the social class are also important for developing a strategic plan. The information devoted to consumption patterns is important as Kudler Fine Food should be aware of the customers’ privileges, of the decrease or the increase of the demand on specific products. The focus o n marketing issues helps understand what spheres should be impacted. Kudler Fine Food should decide what they are to invest into, brand building, new product line introduction, or attracting more loyal customers. Price politics is also important. The company should conduct a thorough analysis of the product prices and occupy its own niche in this relation. A research should also be conducted in the sphere of competitive advantages, such as product uniqueness, variety and combination of food and tools for cooking (Perner, 2008). The Importance of Competitive Intelligence for Kudler Fine Food Competitive intelligence should not be underestimated. Competitive intelligence is aimed at helping Kudler Fine Food to prepare it for â€Å"creating new conditions to guarantee the companys future success in the keenly competitive business environment† and for becoming â€Å"one of the most powerful weapons of the future in the hands of company management† (Bartes, 2011, p. 669).Ad vertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Company’s economic performance is closely connected with the competitive intelligence, so, if Kudler Fine Food wants to remain successful and occupy its niche in food business, it should use this strategy. Kudler Fine Food wants to be successful, and to create a strategic plan for the future actions, it should base its strategic decision on competitive intelligence (Bartes, 2011). The importance of Marketing Research in the Development of Kudler Fine Food Therefore, Kudler Fine Food should conduct a marketing research in different spheres and to use competitive intelligence strategy for considering the main spheres where action plan should be implemented. Strategic planning is a guarantee of the company success. Reference List Bartes, F. (2011). Action plan basis of competitive intelligence activities. Economics Management, 1 6, 664-669. Kudler Fine Food. (2011). Official site. Web. Perner, L. (2008). Food Marketing. Retrieved from consumerpsychologist.com/food_marketing.html

Dissertation Writers

Dissertation Writers Dissertation Writers Planning Tips for Dissertation Writers You have been working hard for some months already, but now you feel that you have to rush through your dissertation because you are extremely short of time? Unfortunately, this situation is familiar to many dissertation writers. The reasons for this misfortune can be numerous, but in many cases they have failed to write their dissertations on time because they did not plan their time in a proper way. When you have just chosen your topic, you may think that you have a lot of time ahead, and it is true. Keeping this idea in mind, many dissertation writers just lose the first very important weeks doing nothing. Even if you do not bumble along and start work, for example you begin gathering evidence for your dissertation, you can easily be trapped. Remember, time flows away very fast. And if you do not prepare a schedule of your dissertation work, even a rough one, then the consequences can be frustrating. If you do not allocate your time, you might devote too much time to some parts of your dissertation and leave others neglected. Well, if you understand the importance of planning, you can do it this way. Take a large sheet of paper and make a draft of your work schedule. Draw your university timetable, and do not forget to mention your social activities, part-time job etc. Then mark out some periods of time from one to two hours that can be devoted to your dissertation. Some hard-working dissertation writers work for hours without having rest, but it is not reasonable because after two hours work your brain will get tired and your work will not be effective. Moreover, planning your work keep in mind when you can work effectively. Can you work early in the morning or late at night? Preparing your table, write down your interim deadlines the way you see them. For example, note by what time you think your methodology should be prepared etc. When you your work schedule is ready, consult your supervisor, ask him whethe r he approves your plan. Many dissertation writers avoid consulting their supervisors, which is a very big mistake. You might have problems if you do not show your work to your supervisor, and it is not very wise to refuse the assistance of your tutor. Well, we are sure that if you make use of these tips, you will be one of those lucky dissertation writers who write their dissertations without problems.

Ontemporary Issues in Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Ontemporary Issues in Management - Essay Example This essay Contemporary Issues in Management descusses new business management approaches, that involve the creation of new channels for shareholders, employees, and investors to question and contribute to CSR development. Stakeholders exist in every organisation whether it is profit or nonprofit. Stakeholders can be summarised as the people who form the internal and external environment of any organisation. Stakeholders are, in essence, the organisation. Consequently, it is important for organisations to understand the role played by stakeholders so that they can enhance it as well as improve their relations with them. The objective of this paper is to provide a critical evaluation of the role of stakeholders within CSR. Freeman’s stakeholder theory highlights and models the stakeholders of an organisation, and both defines and suggests methods by which senior management can duly recognise and address the interests of these entities. In summary, Freeman tries to address the à ¢â‚¬Å"who or what matters† concept. In the traditional perspective of the organisation – the shareholder perspective - the shareholders are the owners of the organisation and the company has an irrevocable fiduciary responsibility to prioritise their needs and enhance value for them. In previous input/output organisational models the company was expected to transform the contributions of employees, suppliers and investors into salable products that consumers purchase, hence providing some capital benefit to the organisation.

Cyber Terrorisum Past Present and Future Research Paper

Cyber Terrorisum Past Present and Future - Research Paper Example enied any previous occurrence of cyber terrorism, different countries and nations have presented some reports reflecting such cases, United States being one of them. Cyber terrorism is, therefore, real and it requires global intervention to address the issue. This is because cyber terrorism has no physical boundaries and therefore, it is not limited to any specific locations in the world. The steps that are being taken currently or that will be taken to fight cyber terrorism are or will be the key determinants of the intensity and chances of its occurrence in the future. This paper will, therefore, discuss cyber terrorism in relation to its definition, the difference between Cyber terrorism and information warfare, the main targets of cyber terrorism, and the reasons why IT is the most preferred tool for cyber terrorism. It also discusses the drawbacks, as well as some of the preventive measures that can be undertaken at national, company and individual level to deal with the evil and disastrous act of cyber terrorism. Terrorism involves the act of violence and illegal use of force against other people or their properties. This intimidates the government as well as the civilian population. The act of terrorism is socially and politically motivated. On the other hand, cyber terrorism combines the act of terrorism with the technology. Although many authors have given different definitions of what cyber terrorism is, there is no universally accepted definition of cyber terrorism. According to Olmstead and Siraj (2009), cyber terrorism is an act resulting from the ability of the terrorists to adapt to the dynamic nature of the society and technology, which makes them more resourceful and skillful. Cyber terrorism can therefore be defined as the use of computer systems, programs and data to intimidate others, with a social or political agenda. This means that cyber terrorism is not only a reality, but also a very dangerous act of threat and violence both to the

Final Exam - Latest Essay Example for Free

Final Exam Latest Essay 1) When a manager makes use of a SWOT analysis, one of his or her objectives is to 2) 2) A company that wants to distinguish itself from the competition in the marketplace is most likely using which of the following strategies? 3) 3) An organization’s ________ goals are official statements of what an organization says its goals are. 4) 4) When planning for unexpected events, a company is using which of the following techniques? 5) 5) The ________ determines the number of levels and managers in an organization. 6) 6) Which of the following is a characteristic of an organic organization? 7) Which of the following is a characteristic of a matrix organization? 8) Searching for new ideas beyond an organization’s boundaries and allowing changes to easily transfer inward and outward is known as ________. 9) Which of the following stages is when the group structure is in place and accepted by the group members? 10) Conflicts can be resolved by satisfying one’s own needs at the expense of others. This conflict- management technique is known as ________. 11) Which of the following statements is true about group decision making? 12) According to the Ohio State studies, which of the following dimensions of leader behavior refers to the extent to which a leader is likely to define and structure his or her role and the roles of group members to meet goals? 13) Which leadership theory is derived from the belief that a leader’s job is to remove pitfalls and roadblocks so followers can achieve their work goals? 14) If Carol Reece is a charismatic leader, which of the following characteristics is she most likely to possess? 15) Indira Patel has been working in her organization’s computer security department for the past 10Â  years. If another employee follows Indira’s recommendations in a given situation, based on her expertise in computer security, which source of power is Indira using? 16) Melvin manages a team of 10 employees, including Jane and Jared. Jared is leaving the organization to find a job as a manager in another field. Meanwhile, due to performance issues, Melvin terminates Jane’s employment with the company. Both of these are examples of what type of employee behavior? 17) Thomas often annoys his coworkers with his talkativeness and assertive personality. According to the Big Five Model of personality, Thomas would be described as high in the trait of 18) Kelly is interviewing candidates to fill a vacancy on her team. One candidate has a degree from a prestigious university, and Kelly is impressed. In speaking with her fellow members of the interview panel, however, Kelly finds that no one else enjoyed the interview with the candidate, finding her to be pompous, aggressive, and self-serving. In her focus on only the candidate’s education, Kelly may have fallen victim to 19) It is crucial to determine an acceptable _____ during the comparing step in the control process. 20) If a manager rationalizes that he or she does not have time to investigate the source of a problem and instead resorts to putting out fires, the manager is missing the use of 21) Why are feedforward controls more rarely implemented as compared to other types of controls?

The Ozone Layer and Climate Change Essay -- Global Warming Environment

Since the beginning of the industrial revolution early in the nineteenth century, our ability to change the world around us has become profound. At first, the impact on our planet was almost imperceptible, but as we have grown both in number and technological capability, that influence has grown with us. Lately, the effects of our increased activity have begun to manifest themselves in a multitude of subtle, and some not so subtle ways: we have thinned the ozone layer and may now be starting to change the very climate system upon which we and all other life on Earth depend. In effect, we are experimenting with the future, but unlike performing a laboratory experiment, which can be scrapped and begun anew if it fails, altering the climate is something that cannot be easily undone. Whatever happens, we shall all be forced to live with the consequences for a very long time. The author of Ozone and Climate Change - A Beginner's Guide, Stephen J. Reid, has managed to put one of the most c omplex environmental problems into the simplest words. But as he has already mentioned, undoing what we have done to the ozone layer is not that simple. The ozone layer or ozonosphere is the region of the stratosphere containing relatively high concentrations of ozone, a pale blue, highly poisonous gas with a strong odor. Ozone is formed by the action of solar ultraviolet light on oxygen. Ozone at ground level is a health hazard. High concentrations of ozone at ground level are dangerous to breathe and can damage the lungs. Ozone in the upper atmosphere, however, is vital to life. The ozone layer prevents most ultraviolet and other high-energy radiation from penetrating to the earth's surface but does allow through sufficient ultraviolet rays to ... ... on this planet possible. Works Cited Lunsford, Andrea A., Ruszkiewicz, John J. The Presence of Others - Third Edition. Boston/New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2000, 237-243. Reid, Stephen J. Ozone and Climate Change - A Beginner's Guide. Singapore: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 2000. Christie, Maureen. The Ozone Layer - A Philosophy of Science Perspective. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Grundmann, Reiner. Transnational Environmental Policy - Reconstructing Ozone. London/New York: Routledge, 2001. Encyclopedia.com. "The Montreal Protocol." December 1, 2002. . CNN.com - Antarctic Ozone Hole Splits in Two. Richard Stenger. September 30, 2002. December 1, 2002. . EPA-OAQPS Ozone: Good Up High, Bad Nearby. December 2, 2002. . An Introduction to the Science of Ozone Depletion: Green Nature. December 2, 2002. .

How safe is artificial intelligence?

Artificial intelligence is the idea that computer systems can have the intelligence of a human. This means a computer system could think, communicate and do many things we humans do in our everyday life. For there to be artificial intelligence, humans must create it and develop it. We humans are the creators of artificial intelligence and many people think if we overdevelop it, it could one day lead to chaos. Many people think that if one-day artificial intelligence gained the same intelligence as humans, they could decide to go against humanity and destroy us. Steven Hawkins suggests that artificial intelligence could someday wipe out humanity when it gets too clever as we will be like ants compared to the computer systems. Artificial intelligence is already growing at a very fast rate. Google’s car is a great example of artificial intelligence since Google have developed driverless cars, especially Toyota. They have programmed the cars to drive without the use of human interaction. This already proves that artificial intelligence is growing at a very fast speed. Although it’s accurate to say that it’s hard to measure the risk of danger with artificial intelligence. Like driverless cars, they could one day be infected with a virus which could make the car do things it shouldn’t for example crash and this could be very dangerous. Artificial intelligence can have many benefits which help us every day for example GPS, they calculate our routes, time it takes to get to target destination and the fastest route possible. Computer systems are also beneficial in terms of calculating mathematically compared to humans where it could possibly take days, weeks or even months to calculate for something. A computer system can calculate something and complex situations in a matter of seconds. Computer systems can also model many real life situations and help to make decisions just like humans. Artificial intelligence can be very dangerous in some cases. We could say that if AI gained the same intelligence as humans and was able to make rational decisions, they could decide to overtake and rule the world since they are ‘smarter’ and will only get ‘smarter’ than humans. There would be a conflict between the human race and AI. It’s fair to say these are just opinions and theories since we cannot accurately measure the risk of AI until the day of its awakening. There are many movies which are based on AI and influence the publics’ ideology of AI. Movies such as terminator and I, Robot represent AI in a negative aspect which could lead people to believe AI is dangerous. People are not to blame for their ideology since the media can influence their values and beliefs. One again, hackers could use their knowledge to get access into the AI and control it to their own advantage and do many things. Depending on how lethal the AI can be, the hacker could harm civilians or even participate in an act that could cost owners their life or money. For example, a hacker hacking into someone’s car and making it turn off in middle of a motor way could lead to danger as motor ways are usually driven by many cars with fast speed. Errors and glitches are very common when it comes to technology and applications therefore it could be said that AI may sometimes malfunction and cause a problem which could yet again harm the protection of someone’s life. Christian, L. (Aug, 28, 2015). Is Artificial Intelligence Really A Threat To Humanity. Tech Times, P1. Violence isn’t the only threat to humanity. It is said that humans could implement AI within latest technology for example facial recognition. This could be a threat to many people as systems would be able to recognize you and even find out who are related to you based on traits such as your appearance, body position and the way you move. Voice recognition could also be used to recognize your identity and can also be used to find relatives. Christian also mentioned that we should consider how ‘long’ it would actually take for AI to be a threat to humanity since it would take decades for AI to reach the super intelligent level. It’s also important that humans focus on the counter measures and techniques to monitor AI to prevent them one day from taking over. Since we are humans, we are the ones who create AI which means we have control over it and can modify it therefore we can always implement security measures just in case AI turns against us. This is the advantage we humans have. It’s the ability to control the AI however if AI learns how to outsmart humans, then it would be unfortunate as the AI would be able to counter and modify the programming code that was implemented within it. EDWARD, M G. (2015). The Bulletin Forums. Artificial intelligence is just exaggerated and it just distracts us from the threats we face currently. ANTHONY, C. (October 7, 2015). Ib Times. Artificial intelligence program ConceptNet matches 4-year old child in IQ test, P1. This proves to us we still have a long time left until AI really can overpower humans but at this current stage, as of 2015 the AI have been revealed to have the IQ level of children. This can be really reassuring to people who were afraid of AI developing too fast. It seems we have a long time left. It will take a lot of trial and error to update AI in order for it to get a higher IQ score. However, this proves to the world that AI has finally been able to gain the intelligence of a child which is a big clue and hints that it’s developing gradually, and one day it will have superior intelligence. If AI keeps progressing at this rate, then the future may have something surprising waiting for them.

Information Age & its Impact on United States Essay

number of propositions. It implies that there is more information now than ever before an indisputable claim. The concept also implies that more people spend more time producing and using more information than ever before another indisputable assertion. Beyond that, the Information Age also suggests that the role of information is more important in the economy than ever before, and that information is replacing some earlier â€Å"fuel† of the American economy (Duncan 1994). These days the primary problem for most organizations and their employees is not the shortage of data but being able to evaluate what is useful and what is not, where to find the good stuff, and then how to use it effectively (Computer Weekly 2005). During the past 25 years, the industry has changed from simple data processing techniques high profile information technology. The challenges of data quality, regulation, access and exploitation are rapidly increasing in urgency (Computer Weekly 2005). For any organization effective information management will make the difference between coping with a dreary burden or using information to gain clarity and build new opportunities. The extended theory founded on this core belief divides U. S. economic history into different eras, depending on the primary economic activity during the period (Duncan 1994). From colonial times until late in the 19th century, the American economy was agrarian. Then, roughly from the dawn of the 20th century through the end of the Second World War, it was preeminently a manufacturing economy. Industry especially heavy industry was the motor that drove the entire economic engine. After World War II, the American economy increasingly came to be dominated by its service sector. By the mid-1950s, more than one-half of all U. S. employment was devoted to providing services rather than to fabricating goods (Duncan 1994). The Pre-Information Age business office was supported by the hierarchical managerial system to keep track of employees and the work they produced (Dmytrenko 1992). Office equipment included information producing tools, such as typewriters and adding machines. Most of the equipment was simple, manual in operation, bulky, and noisy. Clerical staff primarily used this equipment, as they were the appointed information processors of the time. Early efforts to improve office efficiency used industrial engineering techniques, employing time and motion studies to standardize the work tasks of office support staff, and maximize the workflow through effective office design. Information management was categorized as an intensely manual recordkeeping process (Dmytrenko 1992). Filing systems (alpha and/or numeric), and cross-referenced indexes were the prevailing records management techniques employed, and to be on the safe side, offices maintained multiple copies of the same document for back-up purposes. These practices resulted in increasing demands for office space dedicated to files. One source of confusion is the fact that the movements from manufacturing to services, and then to information, were of a different character than in earlier transitions. In the first place, while the transition from an agricultural to a manufacturing-based economy was marked by a decline in the number of jobs in agriculture, there has been no such diminution in the number of manufacturing jobs after the shift to a service economy. Moreover, American manufacturing currently accounts for roughly the same percentage of U. S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as three decades ago (Duncan 1994). As a further complication, many argue that the services sector of the economy simply cannot be seen as a separate segment or an economic subsystem. These observers instead insist that it â€Å"serves† precisely the manufacturing sector it is supposed to have replaced and remains dependent even parasitic on manufacturing (Duncan 1994). Moreover, coming up with clear definitions and boundaries for the information industry is, on reflection, a highly complicated undertaking. The Pre-Information Age home was supported by very basic home appliances. These appliances were either on or off, and the home-user manually directed the status. Outside of some minor kitchen improvements, and the advent of television, the average person saw home advancements limited to seasonal color changes, such as â€Å"avocado green† stoves (Dmytrenko 1992). Ongoing changes prevailed in the automobile industry, but slowly. Overall the era was devoid of any electronic â€Å"intelligence. † Business and the home were very separate and different worlds. The predominant orientation was that working people went to work to work, and the home was a place not to work. The telephone was the only information technology common to both the office and home.

Harriet Tubman Essay Example

Harriet Tubman Essay Example Harriet Tubman Essay Harriet Tubman Essay Ð ¡atherine Clinton’s biography â€Å"Harriet Tubman: The Road to Freedom† is an interesting and comprehensive biography on Harriet Tubman’s life. Catherine Clinton is a renowned historian with a special interest in black history. Many consider Harriet Tubman as the â€Å"Black Moses† of America and for good reason; she has lead hundreds of slaves to freedom, risking her own life for their welfare. This book is truly comprehensive and immersive and focuses on exposing the reality of Harriet Tubman’s life. Most biographical narratives on Tubman have become predominantly focused on her myth, we all know her as the mastermind of the â€Å"underground railroad†, but many aspects of her life have become forgotten. This narrative really focuses on Harriet Tubman, her trials and triumphs, and the truth about one of the most powerful women in American history. The reality of Harriet Tubman’s life is an inspirational and motivating story, one that exceeds her mythological legacy. The purpose of this book was to recreate a historically accurate, and complete portrayal of Harriet Tubman. Clinton first introduces the world in which Harriet Tubman lived in. The book also delves into the topics of social history of American slavery and the antislavery movement, and how Harriet Tubman greatly fought for this cause. Clinton tells the story of Tubman’s struggles and her life around the greater battle for emancipation that was occurring in America. Clinton provides a general overview of conditions for slaves along the Eastern shore; and how Harriet must have lived during her early life. : Harriet Tubman was very much an ordinary woman, with the normal complexities of ordinary life. However, her extraordinary accomplishments are how she is remembered today. However, Harriet Tubman endured travails that all human beings endure. However, what made Harriet Tubman so extraordinary was her strength and courage in facing the realities of life, and the dangers she exposed herself to be very real. Her character truly defines and speaks volumes about who she truly was, rather than her accomplishments. The primary subject of the book is Harriet Tubman herself. Tubman was born during the â€Å"era of good feeling†, a historical period within American history of peace and prosperity. This of course did not apply to African Americans, whose lives were still controlled solely in the hands of their white owners. Clinton narrates Tubman’s journey from being born a slave in Maryland to her daring escape to Canada, her daring journeys back to the United States and the already glorified endeavors of the Underground Railroad. Clinton also explains how Tubman’s husband John Tubman had a substantial influence on Harriet. They were married as teens in Maryland, Clinton says that their early marriage was filled with â€Å"happiness and repose, they loved each other tenderly and with great passion†. Little has been known about the relationship between these two. Clinton paints a picture of a happy couple torn apart through their conflicting moral values. John Tubman was content to live out his life on the farm. John felt that despite the conditions under which he lived, they were not as worse as comparable circumstances at other farms. His indecisiveness when it came to his personal freedom ultimately led him to refuse to run away with Harriet. Running away to Canada without John had a profound effect on her and was a turning point in her life. Harriet took a huge risk, one that took a lot of courage and conviction in her ideals to be able to leave her relationship. Harriet, the real human being, is a truly inspirational woman in history and is more than her legacy on the Underground Railroad. The biography really discerns the reality from myth of Harriet Tubman. The majority of the American public knows the story of Harriet Tubman, her courage in helping bring slaves into the north through a dangerous â€Å"underground railroad†. The danger that she faced through this time of trial, her hunted status in the south, and her courage in standing up for African Americans as well as women’s rights are well documented. However, Harriet Tubman was also a real person, and the personal story behind her accomplishments is far more important than her accomplishments. Tubman grew up much like any other slave. She did not receive divine aid, education, nor did she gain certain advantages over other slaves. The fact that she had a husband did not really separate her from others as well. The fact that Tubman wanted something more and acted upon her vision speaks volumes of her. Harriet Tubman was just as human as anyone else, but her special abilities and her courage arose whenever she needed to. The reason behind her dangerous trips into the heart of the South was that she strongly believed in her moral convictions, and that she put everything into her beliefs. She was an ordinary woman who rose up when called upon to do the extraordinary. The vast majority of people forget that she also lived a normal life, and that what she accomplished is really an inspiring story. Harriet Tubman’s life is just as fascinating a story as the legacy she left behind. She is not a mythological figure of the African American freedom movement, but rather an ordinary individual who through her life experiences and moral convictions, transformed into a remarkable leader. A great lesson that can be drawn from Tubman’s life is that complacency is the greatest obstacle to our moral convictions. It is all too easy to settle for what we have now, than to work for what we want later. Tubman reveals that the battle against complacency and the power to dream for a better tomorrow carries with it great hurdles and responsibilities. One has to rise above what one believes is incapable to accomplish their goals. Tubman applied this philosophy throughout her life. Tubman never saw what she did as extraordinary. What one accomplishes always seems incredible to others, but ordinary to those who went through every step of the way. Clinton, Catherine. Harriet Tubman: The Road to Freedom. First Edition. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2004.

Job Reference Sample A Professors Recommendation

Job Reference Sample A Professor's Recommendation SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you'rea college professor, you'll probably write a bunch of recommendation letters for graduate programs and even jobs. In the following sample, an English professor provides a reference letter for a former student applying to teach English in South Korea. While this professor hasn't seenhis student in a teaching role, he can attest to his English language skills and passion for immersing himself in new cultures. Read on for the sample reference letter and an analysis of whatit does well. Sample Letter #8: Written by a Professor for a Former Student Dr. Wiihye KimSchool DirectorEnglish International School48 Daecheon-ro 67beon-gil, Haeundae-guBusan, South Korea Dear Dr. Kim, It’s my great pleasure to provide this letter of recommendation for Jerry as he pursues an English as a Foreign Language teaching position with English International School in South Korea. As a professor of English literature at XYZ University, I taught Jerry in two classes and served as his thesis advisor senior year. Jerry impressed me with his intellectual curiosity, passion for global cultures, and adventurous spirit. Given his background in English and experience living abroad, I’m confident that he would make an excellent addition to your school. I taught Jerry his sophomore and senior year in Masterpieces of World Literature and Fictions of Science, Technology, and Society. I also worked closely with him on his senior thesis, an exploration of Jewish literature in Argentina that earned him the distinction of summa cum laude. He’s a talented writer who gives insightful commentary in essays and class discussions. I know that Jerry has the verbal skills and depth of thought to be an engaging teacher. Jerry’s passionate about connecting with people across cultures, whether that means exploring new ideas through world literature or volunteering as an ESL tutor at local elementary schools. I recall oneinsightful paper Jerry wrote for which he interviewed international students abouttheir perspectives on select classics. His passion for cross-cultural exchangeshone through his words. As an English teacher in South Korea, Jerry will foster a similar global outlook among his students. Beyond his studies and volunteer work with ESL students, Jerry broadened his horizons with a semester studying abroad and living with a host family in Buenos Aires. Hespoke highly of his host family, telling me about their nightly dinners and conversations in Spanish. He's even visiting them again thissummer to attend hishost "sister's"fiesta de quince. Jerry loves to meet new people and travel not merely as a tourist, but as an engaged participant. This teaching position in South Korea would allow him to continue doing just that. Jerry has my wholehearted and unequivocal support in his search for an English teaching position in South Korea. He’s hard-working, thoughtful, charismatic, and open-minded, and he has a clear commitment to cross-cultural communication. I have no doubt that Jerry will make an outstanding English teacher, and I share his excitement over this next venture. Please don’t hesitate to contact me for any more information. Thank you for your time. Sincerely, Dr. Willa SmithProfessor of Comparative LiteratureXYZ Universitywsmith@xyzuniversity.com555-555-5555 How does Professor Smith show that Jerry's ready to live and work in South Korea? Sample Recommendation Letter: The Breakdown Many graduates applying to jobs right after college don’t have a lot of past employers to ask for a recommendation. Instead, they might ask a professor to provide a letter of support, especially if the professor taught them in a subject related to the prospective position. In this case, an English (literature) professor can provide a strong reference for a recent graduate seeking an English (language) teaching position. Professor Smith states her support for Jerry as he applies to an English teaching position in South Korea. She talks about his achievements as an English major and emphasizes his particular interest in world literature and globalization. She further characterizes him as someone committed to learning about other cultures by mentioning his volunteer work as an ESL tutor and experience studying abroad and living in a home stay. All of these experiences speak to Jerry’s potential for success as an English teacher living abroad. Jerry’s professor hasn’t supervised him as an English language teacher, but she can attest to his intellectual and personal strengths and how they would make him well-suited to this work. Her perspective is a valuable one, as she’s worked closely with him during two classes and throughout his senior year. Professor Smith gives specific examples of Jerry’s English skills and commitment to global citizenship to support her claim that he would make an outstanding ESL teacher. Overall, her letter paints a picture of Jerry and stands as a strong vote of support for his job application. Want to provide a strong recommendation for your employee, but don't have the time to craft the perfect letter? PrepScholar's new recommendation tool, SimpleRec, takes you from good intentions and a blank page to a fully written and formatted letter of recommendation in under 5 minutes. All you need to do is give us some simple pieces of information about your employee and your experience working with them, and we'll do the rest. Try out SimpleRec risk-free today: What's Next? What's the difference between a recommendation letter and a character reference? Check out this sample character reference to find out! Want to read more free samples of recommendation letters? Check out this full guide with nine reference letter samples and tips on how to make yours stand out.

Implementation and Support Activities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Implementation and Support Activities - Essay Example Therefore, organizations should have a budget for supporting and maintaining the systems that they have. Implementation activities are complex and interdependent as it involves the coordination of many people and tasks. The people involved perform implementation activities in programming and testing. It is risky as more time and resources are required while developing implementation activities (Satzinger, Jackson, & Burd 2010). The components used in software should minimize the use of recourse usage and maximize the testing of the system as well as to correct errors. Moreover, when implementing a change, the user, or the technical team need to know what parts need a replacement and ensure the resources required to implement the changes are secured (Yao, 2010). The design schedule and implementation activities need consideration and finally, the development of the testing plan for the changed system. In addition, implementation activities take place on a copy of the system that is operational. There is the production system that used on a daily basis, the test system that modifies the test changes. On the other hand, it is difficult to manage implementation, as activities should occur in a sequenced manner through monitoring the process. After the system is up and running, the user needs to be trained on using the new system. User support includes a help desk, a department that provides support to the end user. Help desks have employees who are trained to operate and install software’s. They also assist with any problems or questions that the user might have. Online documentation is built into an application and its main purpose is to provide the user with useful information that they can use whenever they need it. The technical team is a function within the IT department that offers maintenance services whenever needed. Additionally, system enhancement and maintenance activities ensure that there is proper functioning and the efficiency is

If Overestimation of Performance is Common, Management Attempts to Assignment - 1

If Overestimation of Performance is Common, Management Attempts to Introduce Benchmarking Procedures are Likely to Meet with Employee Resistance - Assignment Example Perceived weakness in performance would, therefore, be an important motivator for staff to support activities, such as benchmarking, that is geared towards improving their performance. Furthermore, when we analyze the statement, management attempt to introduce benchmarking procedures what comes to mind is that the organization in its current state lacks these procedures. This essentially implies that management will be engaging in a change effort. Change efforts are done under many banners. The basic goal of introducing benchmarking procedures is to make fundamental changes in how the business is conducted in order to help it cope with new, more challenging market environments. Kotter’s statement confirms this to be a change effort. For this reason, we find the need to discuss this question from two viewpoints: firstly as a Lake Wobegon effect challenge and secondly as a change effort challenge. As the Lake Wobegon effect challenge, this problem is a double whammy. For starters, management is faced with the challenge of transforming employee perception on the organization and secondly, the tool that they think is most appropriate for bringing a solution faces the resistance of adoption because of the very perception that they seek to reign in. This is the dilemma. Let us try to break down the problem into more comprehensible parts. First, employees perceive that their performance is better than it is in reality. This means that they will not see the reason to implement any new performance enhancing procedure such as benchmarking. Second, management has identified that there is indeed a problem that has to begin with changing employee perception. Management believes benchmarking is the way to go and would like to implement it. Third, employees – in our deduced scenario – resist managements push to implement benchmarking since they are convinced that what they ar e currently doing is already better than their peers.

JD Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

JD Power - Essay Example Now, how does one define the specific market segments of JD Power consumers? Basically, the company provides pertinent market research to its clients spanning a myriad of different industries, including automotives, real estate, insurance, and telecommunications. If it is to be broken down, the company has two main target markets – everyday consumers and corporate business entities. Everyday consumers utilize the customer satisfaction ratings and market research studies of the company in order to make better- informed decisions regarding their purchases and transactions, using the culled consumer information data as a reference point. They make use of the service by simply going to the company’s consumer website, where they can look for the specific industry that concerns them at the moment. From there, the market research data and research surveys would be readily available for instant viewing. Consumers in all likelihood use the product every time they are in need of a figure-backed opinion concerning an upcoming purchase. They could compare how the product or service stacked up in the court of public opinion, and could use it as an additional tool towards making an informed and well-researched decision. Corporations and businesses make up the other major market segment of the company. They seek the consumer data culled by JD Power for their own internal use. The companies buy the comprehensive research provided by JD Power and utilize it in accordance with their own business interests.2 This is a process that occurs every time a new product or service is launched; the companies would want to know how it is received in the marketplace. Armed with this information , these client companies would be well-informed as to what their succeeding strategies would be. Now, why did JD Power and Associates choose to concentrate on these two main target markets? Obviously the consumers do not pay anything for the research that is

Innovation systems in tourism

Innovation systems in tourism Abstract This paper will talk about innovation system in tourism development by introducing an innovation model to attract tourism to destination. The model called attractor-based innovation system that is included different parts such as attractor, scene, scene-maker, scene-taker and the arrangement between tourist and other firms. The aim of the study is to scrutinize how the innovation system in tourism can promote tourism firms and extend an attractor-based tourism innovation system in the destination. The paper will examine implementation of such an innovation system in two examples of destinations around the world. The connection between scene-maker and scene-taker will investigate to realize the creation of local networks. The tourist development could depend on the connection between tourism and attractor-based innovation system in the region. Introduction Tourism industry is growing faster and faster every day and innovation system plays an important role in tourism development. In this paper, I introduce a model that called attractor-based innovation system that is included different parts such as attractor, scene, scene-maker, scene-taker and the arrangement between tourist and other firms. The innovation system focus on service products, market change, customer behavior and changing the processes, for instance replace new goods, services, organizations etc. The concept of innovation may focus on the process change although process will be connected to innovation systems. Innovation refers to the process of bringing any new, problem solving idea into use. Ideas for reorganizing, cutting cost, putting in new budgetary systems, improving communication or assembling products in teams are also innovations. Innovation is the generation, acceptance and implementation of new ideas, processes, products or services Acceptance and implementation is central to this definition; it involves the capacity to change and adapt (Hjalager cited in Kanter, cited from Hall Williams Hall and Williams, 2008 C.M. Hall and A.M. Williams, Tourism and innovation, Routledge, London (2008). ,2008, p 5). It has been investigated that innovation hypothesis promoted in connection with manufacturing segment can be implemented to service segment for instance tourism. Service innovations are seldom RD (Research and Development) based, but running by applied experiences. Innovation in services is incremental which means services and processes are rarely changed. Usually, the process of innovation for service firm is lesser than manufacturing firm because of smaller standard size. I will investigate that scene-taker as an organization and entrepreneur make an essential role in innovation systems in developing the scene. The purpose of the research is how the tourism innovation system may promote the development of tourism firms. Literature review It has been discussed that innovation hypothesis developed in connection with industrialized sector might be utilize in service sector for instance tourism industry (Gallouj, 2002; Vermeulen, 2002). There are some general features for service innovation in tourism, which depends on type of innovation in manufacturing sector (Boden and Miles, 2000). Innovation in services is coming to flexible aspects of innovation rather than practical manufacturing innovation. For instance, organizational and natural innovation is focusing on social issues rather than technological innovation in industries (Tether, 2005; Gallouj, 2002). However, innovation may depend on organizational change that related to association between complexes of firms, it also needs support from stakeholders (Sundbo et al., 2001). However, services and manufacturing have similarities in their basic structure for innovation system, for instance, innovation in product and process are more incorporated in services and service firms are structuring the innovation activities that mean they develop research and development sector. Service innovations are more focusing on developing Information Technology (IT) for service firms (Miles, 1993). I need to give clear definition of tourism in this part. Tourism comprises the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business or other purposes. (Mattsson, Jan , Sundbo, Jon and Fussing-Jensen, Christjan cited in WTO, 1991) I need to clarify the meaning of tourism firms. According to Leiper (1999) The tourist industry consists of all those firms, organizations and facilities which are intended to serve the specific needs and wants of tourists. Developing research for tourism innovation has been limited. Hjalager (1997, 2002) has investigated innovation development in tourism sector and he has concluded that innovation policies must focus on other sectors, which are supporting sustainability concept. Poon (1990, 1993) has investigated diffusion of innovation in tourism sector and he examined the development of small firms in tourism. Sunbo (1998) and Jensen (2001) have studied the possibility of using network for small firms in tourism sector and they concluded that small firms in tourism part are less innovative than small firms in other sectors. Product and process innovation related to change in the product or process chain, which represent new products to customer or new service in specific destination or enterprise. In customer purchase decision, product and process innovations might play a significant role in tourism sector (Hjalager, 2010). Process innovations refer typically to backstage initiatives that aim at growing efficiency, production and flow. Technology investments are the anchor of typical process innovation, occasionally in mixture with reengineered layouts for manual work operations. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been the base of many process innovations in current decades, and it has involved a major strand of research interest with its own agendas and institutions (Buhalis Law, 2008). For instance, process innovation can be established permeating into visitor attractions for the targets of crowd organize. Process innovations which address energy consumption and climate impacts are on the future program for many types of tourism enterprise and not least transportation (Peeters, Gà ¶ssling, Becken, 2006). Experts have considered science and technology as driving forces for innovation, but they recognize environmental factors such as market changes and political issues as contributors. It has concluded that market demand is a major point-de-fix in typical tourism research, and is clearly considered the single most significant driving force for innovation ([Buhalis, 2000] and [Hall and Williams, 2008]). Process innovations occur broadly in tourism. With an example from winter sports that scrutinize how ski lift capacity is a serious factor in process efficiency and that selection of technology for that reason is critical. Airports implement a variety of technologies that guarantee the mobility of people, baggage, goods and information, in order to improve the challenges of transportation. During recent years, and for a number of purposes, new types of technology have entered airports, for instance, iris-recognition and X-raying ([Cydesdale , 2007] and [Sheller Urry, 2006]). According to Pine Gilmore (1999), Experiences are a fourth economic offering, as distinct from services as services are from goods, but one that has until now gone largely unrecognized. Goods are tangible products that companies standardize and then inventory and services are intangible activities performed for particular client. (Pine Gilmore, 1999, P: 2-9) The concept of innovation system emphasizes the innovation and learning features of the systems. Usually, a system engaged in a type of cluster, special firms, public institutions and other actors that are participate in an interaction system (Porter, 1990; Maskell, 2001). In this system, knowledge is diffused and association recognized, in cooperation enhancing the innovation activities of the firms involved. The innovation system might be considered as a learning system ( Maskell, 2001). The common notion of an innovation system as performed to the tourism segment suggests a system that is more insecurely coupled than in industrialized and other services (Jensen, 2001; Jensen et al., 2001; Hjalager, 2002) and might more properly be termed a network. However, the notion of an attractor-based innovation system in tourism sector that I will recommend in this paper is different from the common innovation system approach performed to tourism. It is more precise since it identifies an obvious originator of the innovation system for instance the attractor and the scene-maker and it introduce development process in the model for instance a scene-taker taking over from the scene-maker and making local networks. Accordingly, an attractor-based tourism model is one example of the common innovation system in tourism sector. After reviewing literature related to innovation system in tourism, the aim of the study will be to expand an innovation model in tourism that has been called attractor- based innovation system. It will continue by investigating two case studies around the world. I have chosen them since I could easily find out the attractor in the cases. I will carry on by introducing different mechanism of the model. The study will focus on investigating the operation of such an innovation model in the long term according to economic and social aspects. I propose to make a comparative analysis between the cases and investigating the operation of the model in different situation and in variety of destination. Introducing an attractor-based innovation system model The tourism development, which is, growth in proceeds and revenue and qualitative regeneration, needs innovations. The tourism development in a region may not exactly belong to innovation by a particular tourism firm. Somewhat, it can be dependent on other surrounding factors in the particular area. This geographical area may not, be seen absolutely as a special destination. However, the purpose of the study has not been to investigate destinations features, but in the tourism innovation systems such as the attractor based innovation system must not be limited to just one destination. According to destinations meaning, the system can be physically dispersed to comprise several destinations or only a part of a destination. In order to investigate the model I need to focus on both innovation and entrepreneurship. The entrepreneurs develop the innovative courage and the essential structures, procure the knowledge and maybe project capital. Therefore, entrepreneurship is the main requirement for innovation. A community entrepreneur could be defining as a social leader who is constructing networks in the best way. According to figure 1, the model of attractor-based tourism innovation system is constructed: attractor, scene, scene-maker, scene-taker and cooperative networks between the scene-taker and tourism firms. I will focus on one purpose of the model that called scene-taker, who plays an important role to maintain the system. Nevertheless, I will carry on by explaining components of the model. The attractor is defined as an event, movement, association or the like that absorbs people to the destination. Attractors generate attention; it is not necessary for them to have special connection with tourism. For instance, the head offices of a famous business or a famous sporting event like (Mattsson, Jan, Sundbo, Jon and Fussing-Jensen, Christjan, 2005) The Olympic Games generate large numbers of visitations. Another example could be a music festival in special destination in limited time that we call it cultural or entertainment event. The attractor transformation happens when it is connected to a situation, what I have called a scene. It includes giving the attractor a clear place and identity in the destination. The main framework for the whole experience of visitors may happen when the attractor is transfigured into a scene. Therefore, the scene is a symbol for the way the attractor integrated with its surrounding situation and conceptualized. The scene-maker is the person who is creating the scene and he investigates the possibilities of applying the attractor for improved visitation. Since the scene-maker establish and conceptualizes the scene, he can be an innovator. He could be an entrepreneur, he may not maintain the scene and he may not be part of tourism section or he may not profit from the generated scene individually. The scene-maker can be an individual, or an organization, a personal firm or a community. A scene-taker is a part of models function, which can be an individual, a personal firm or a community that is capable to take over and continue from that of the scene-maker. The scene-taker has entrepreneurial personality no matter even if it is a person or an organization. The scene-taker is determined and efforts to maintain the scene. The Scene-takers operations may make profit for personal tourism firm by becoming component of a collaborative network rising on the scene. Propositions connected to model of attractor-based tourism innovation system listed below: All components of the model must be present to ensure economic and social viability. The scene-taker is the most crucial function. A scene must have been created before the transition from the scene-maker to the scene-taker can take place. If a scene-taker is present, tourism firms get more business if they make an active effort to utilize the scene. Successful utilization of the attractor (positive effects economically or socially) requires innovation in the tourism firms. Successful utilization of the attractor (positive effects economically or socially) requires a collaborative network between the tourism firms. Conservatism of tourism firms in relating to local firms in other sectors impedes attractor utilization. (Mattsson, Jan, Sundbo, Jon and Fussing-Jensen, Christjan, 2005) Case studies I have chosen two case studies which are called James bond island in Thailand and the Book town Hay-on-Wye in United Kingdom. I will explain two cases to understand function of the innovation system and relation between scene-making and scene taking parts. The main reason for case selection was the attractor entity. In the case of Hay-on-Wye, an entrepreneur develops his idea to become a traditional trader. Accidentally he became an owner of the big book collection. Therefore, he started to sell second-hand books and he made the city like book town. He became a major book trader and he promoted the proposal of book towns worldwide. In the James Bond Island case, a local tour operator got used the name of James bond as a trade name for boat trips to this island in Thailand. He used the reality that a scene in one James Bond film had produced in this island. The following data according to cases and respondents opinion has been collected. According to table 1, we understand how the model according to proposition dealing with economic and social condition. Data collected according to interviewing respondents and they were asking to talk about specific incidents relevant to different parts of model. Respondents must have experiments about events that they were asking about that. The focus was on the connection between events, attractor and other parts of model. For instance, events on how the scene-maker produced the scene from the attractor and relevant to the events situation shifting from scene-maker to scene-taker. Examining the prepositions According to preposition 1, an attractor-based model has had positive result in both cases that means attractor as the main part of the model has made business improved. According to preposition 2, the model has had positive effect. The scene-taker can be an individual or organization that in both cases has been an entrepreneur. Relevant to preposition 3, which is focusing on shifting from scene creation to a scene-taker has been successful in both cases. Therefore, in James Bond Island and Hay-on-Wye a scene has been created. According to preposition 4, the positive activity of the firms has not relied. Regarding proposition 5, for the case of James Bond Island, the innovation actions of tourism firms has been positive and in the case of Hay-on-Wye there is no innovation action. About preposition 6, in both cases there is shared association between tourism firms but no connection between tourism firms and other firms. In conclusion, the preposition 7 which in conservatism within tou rism firms and other parts have been positive in both cases. Therefore, the scene-taker has a significant effect in innovation system. Innovation depended on positive effect of the attractor in the model. Conclusion Bibliography Boden, M. and Miles, I. (Eds) (2000) Services and the Knowledge-Based Economy (London: Continuum). Buhalis, D. (2000). The tourism phenomenon: the new tourist and consumer. In C. Wahab, C. Cooper (Eds.), Tourism in the age of globalization (pp. 69-96). London: Routledge. Buhalis, D., Law, R. (2008). Progress in information technology and tourism management: 20 years on and 10 year after the Internet the state of the eTourism research. Tourism Management, 29(4), 609-623. Clydesdale, G. (2007). Ski development and strategy. Tourism and Hospitality Planning Development., 4(1), 1-23. Gallouj, F. (2002) Innovation in the Service Economy (Cheltenham: Elgar). Hall, C. M., Williams, A. M. (2008). Tourism and innovation. London: Routledge. Hjalager, A. (1997) Innovation patterns in sustainable tourism-an analytical typology, Tourism Management, 1, pp. 35-41 Hjalager, A. (2002) Repairing innovation defectiveness in tourism, Tourism Management, 5, pp. 465-474. Hjalager, A.-M. (2010). A review of innovation research in tourism. Tourism Management, 31(1), 1-12. Jensen, C. F. (2001) Den innovative adfà ¦rd i oplevelsesintensive virksomheder. Et strategisk perspektiv i turisme [Innovative behaviour in experience intensive firms. A strategic perspective in tourism]. Report 01:2 (Roskilde: Roskilde University, Centre of Service Studies). Jensen, C. F. et al. (2001) Innovation stendenser i dansk turisme [Innovation tendencies in Danish tourism]. Report 01:1 (Roskilde: Roskilde University, Centre of Service Studies). Leiper, N. (1999) Are destinations the heart of tourism?, Current Issues in Tourism, 4, pp. 390ff. Poon, A. (1990) Flexible specialization and small size-the case of Caribbean tourism, World Development, 1, pp. 109-123. Maskell, P. (2001) Towards a knowledge-based theory of the geographical cluster, Industrial and Corporate Change, 4, pp. 921-943. Mattsson, Jan , Sundbo, Jon andFussing-Jensen, Christjan(2005) Innovation Systems in Tourism: The Roles of Attractors and Scene-Takers, Industry Innovation, 12: 3, 357 381. Miles, I. (1993) Services in the new industrial economy, Futures, 4, pp. 653-672. Peeters, P., Go ¨ ssling, S., Becken, S. (2006). Innovation towards tourism sustainability: climate change and aviation. International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, 1(3), 184-200. Planning A, 38, 207-226. Pine, B.J. Gilmore, J. H (1999) Experience Economy Harvard Business School Publishing (ISBN 9780875848198). Poon, A. (1993) Tourism, Technology and Competitive Strategies (Wallingford: CAB). Sheller, M., Urry, J. (2006). The new mobilities paradigm. Environment and Porter, M. (1990) The Competitive Advantage of Nations (London: Macmillan). Sundbo, J. (1998) The Organization of Innovation in Services (Copenhagen: Roskilde University Press). Sundbo, J. et al. (2001) Innovation in service internationalisation: the crucial role of the frantrepreneur, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 13, pp. 247-267. Tether, B. S. (2005) Do services innovate (differently), Industry and Innovation, 12(2), pp. 153-184. Vermeulen, P. (2002) Organizing Product Innovation in Financial Services (Nijmegen: Nijmegen University Press). WTO (1991) Recommendations of Tourism Statistics (Madrid: WTO).

Macroeconomic Case Studies :: essays papers

Macroeconomic Case Studies The article titled ‘Fed Unlikely to Alter Course’ by John M. Berry of the Washington Post takes an interesting look at actions that Alan Greenspan his colleges of the Federal Reserve have been taking over the last 9 months to slow the economic growth of United States. The astonishing growth rate of 7.3% is fueled by an economy that is in the midst of a â€Å"high tech revolution†. The article also explores the contrasting view of other economists that say that the Fed has increased interest rates too much in its attempts to slow the economy. The means by which Alan Greenspan and the Federal Reserve have chose to slow the economy is through a monetary policy, or more specifically, an increase in the national interest rate. The article states that the Fed officials have come to a â€Å"broad agreement that they will keep raising the rates until growth slows to a more sustainable pace to make sure inflation stays under control.† Because of the booming economy and the investment in the stock market the exchange of money has increased for goods and services, which in turn increases the price level or the quantity of money demanded. By increasing the interest rates the Fed commits itself to adjusting the supply of money in the United States to meet that rate at a point of equilibrium. If the interest rate is increased, less goods and services are demanded, and therefore will slow down the economy and reduce the rate of inflation. The article points out that as â€Å"stock prices have risen over the last couple of ye ars, so have American household wealth and consumer spending.† This is precisely the cycle that Fed officials want to interrupt to slow growth before it fuels more inflation. At the time this article was written the stock market prices had fallen sharply especially in the technology sector. But the Fed continued on the path to raise interest rates further noting that the index that they closely follow and contains a broader rage of public traded US stocks, the Wilshire 5000, is up for the year. Even though they began raising rates gradually 9 months ago, it takes almost a year for the economy to feel the full effects. In this case the results of the interest rates increased could be felt as last as the second half of 2000.

Example of Interpersonal Communication

Concept Application Paper Aside from food, water, oxygen and other practical needs, communication with the people around us has proven to be essential for our own well-being. The different types and styles of communication allow ourselves the opportunity to create and build relationships with the people around us. It is also the basis on how we define ourselves through self-image and self-esteem. Through social, inflated, and deflated comparison we shape ourselves into the image in which we feel would satisfy the people around us; how we think others want to see us.In more cases it is a negative thing as the true soul inside a person is usually too ashamed or scared to reveal themselves to the public. We then force ourselves to shape into an image we feel will please the people around us. Evolved from our life experiences, we set an imaginary guideline in our mind for people to be considered ‘normal’ based on our perception of how society should behave. We automatically isolate anyone who deviates from these â€Å"guidelines†; they might include a person from a different culture or someone who simply wants to express themself.It was our responsibility to investigate how society reacts to an adjustment in the social norm. In this experiment I wore a tank top, board-shorts, and flip-flops in which I enacted in unordinary verbal and non-verbal communication with the people around me. As a male in the American culture, I dress myself according to what I suppose is ‘trendy’ in my sub-culture. By observing a person’s patterns in the way they dress and how they act, it is possible to discover a person’s personality. An identity is created through our manners, appearance, and the environment we associate ourselves around.We pick and choose how we want others to see us in different situations, so of course no one would ever think of dressing out of their usual pattern for no apparent reason. However, the purpose of the expe riment is not to continue to carry on with daily procedures, but to deviate and record reactions and changes in behavior of bystanders. I devised a theory that I would be able to observe two sets of reactions, one from the people whom I share relationships with and random students whom I have never met before.People who have knowledge about my existence would be able to detect a change in behavior while a stranger would just consider their encounter simply as something out of the ordinary. I chose to wear clothing not typically suited for the weather; Corvallis was reaching mid 40os and I had decided to be dressed in clothes one would wear to the beach. I felt this was an appropriate change in behavior because it would not be following the usual guidelines of the social norm. Everyone had one or two jackets and long pants, setting the basic social code to follow.However, since I was not abiding to this ‘system’, I was considered an outcast or placed in an out-group of t he current social culture. Even if I were not doing an experiment and intentionally dressing this specific way, I would be relaying non-verbal codes to whoever saw me which in their opinion would be interpreted much different than what I may have meant them to be. It would all be a matter of opinion or relational communication between me and the people in the environment. The channels of communication would be through non-verbal/ non-vocal communication.Other channels would be invalid because I would not be communicating through other means including spoken or written words. However, fewer available channels did not result in any less interaction. In the experiment, it was interesting as the deviation from the social norm sparked two reactions in people whom either allowed this contact to prohibit them from verbally communicating with me or on the contrary, the change actually was a catalyst and started verbal communication as the main topic of discussion.This occurred in both group s of people whom I was acquaintances with and people I did not know. A friend who had happened to see me first as I left my room was slightly shocked and warned me about the weather. Although their tone wasn’t hostile, more trying to help, the message that I interpreted was â€Å"If you’re not going to change clothes you’re going to look really weird wearing that type of clothing and secondly, you’ll be cold for the rest of the time until you decide to change your mind. My reaction to this conversation was close to emotionless because I would have reacted the same and produced similar responses because we interpret any change in behavior as ‘not normal’. Walking to a dining hall outside in public, my first observation was receiving numerous stares from the people passing me. Through my analysis this was a form of intrapersonal communication because I decoded their body language with a certain meaning and message.By simple gestures of staring and changes in body language, it encoded a message of ‘out casting’ to the receiver solely based on the type of clothing I wore. I am thankful that I was not dramatically influenced by any of the responses and reactions I observed between my friends and the public. My analysis is these responses were forms of communication which easily could have been affected by culture and perception. People’s different interpretations would eventually lead to the shaping and defining of one’s identity through their behavior and appearance based on how they want others to see themselves.Although it apparent that media has a large influence on choosing how we present our public self, it may seem that the people around us also have a large influence as well. They might include significant others or just ordinary people whom we compare ourselves to in social comparison. This experiment was a great understanding of how some people automatically separate someone just by expr essing themselves. Society defines certain things such as fashion or behavior attached with the message, â€Å"follow the same guidelines or beware of being put in an out-group. Majority of people will be high-self monitors and follow the norm. Personally, I feel I am this way because of the need to feel belonging to a particular group or something. I learned that it is much harder to express one-self based on our own intuition of being ‘judged’ for what we do. By investigating how society reacted to an adjustment in the social norm, it was evident when I wore different clothing; the results when engaged were rather un-warming incidents of unordinary verbal and non-verbal communication.

Fishing from heaven

The frost clung to the surroundings as I made my way down the old crooked path. It was early morning and the sun was attempting to wedge its way through the clouds: it remained ice cold. There was little life to be seen – most animals were hidden away from the dangers and cruelty of winter. They had collected their food and were snuggled away ready to sleep the months through. At that moment I wished I could join them. Why couldn’t I run away and hide until I was ready to face life again? As I trod over the cold granite with the fellow mourners I could see nothing of happiness. Everything hung in dismay as if even nature knew this was a wretched and lonely place. I imagined the gloomy individuals walking this route over the decades. It was a path that had to be travelled but very few were ready or willing to face its destination. Instead we all hoped something would suddenly change and that our fate would be reversed. The daunting doors appeared ahead and I made my way inside along with the others – all of us coated in black. I shivered, no longer because of the temperature but rather fear, as I made my way inside the thick stone walls. The mighty roof towered over me shadowy and oppressive. I found my pew and sat down alone to wait. The tranquilising smell of burning incense combined with my tired state almost lulled me to unconsciousness but a stern voice suddenly called for the beginning of the service and I turned to face the altar. It was covered in a white cloth which hung loosely over the sides clearly too big. A cross made up the centrepiece and a candle stood on either side. I’d never been to a church before but I knew granddad had. I imagined him looking at this cross and, like me, wondering why life had to happen the way it did. The music sounded and they began to enter – the robed man and the six friends of my grandfather. I only knew one of them. They had gone to school together and granddad would always tell stories of their misbehaving – tricking the teacher and missing classes. I saw his friend dim with dread no longer a schoolboy with a future of brightness ahead. His head hung low as he made his way down the aisle. The lid of the coffin was lifted and his face tightened as he saw his friend for the last time. Granddad’s face was withered and frail, his lips rose pink and dry. They had dressed him in his favourite suit especially for the occasion. His body lay stiff, fragile and delicate – but strangely imposing. This was not how I remembered him. Vulnerability and helplessness had overcome him. His intelligent being was hidden – deposed by death. * * * It was a spring morning and the lake glistened in the sun. Not a ripple disturbed the perfect reflections. The smell of freshly painted wood hung in the air as the boat entered the water. Its green body caused it to appear like a lily-pad against the still expanse. I was trembling with excitement: I had never been on a boat before. We lived in the town where buildings filled the landscape. It was only when I came here on holiday that I got to see the amazing aspects of nature so forgotten in cities where cars and buses have taken over. First grandfather gave me a rod. He smiled as I looked at this alien object with uncertain eyes. He loaded the reel, explained how to make a blot knot, stuck on the tiny squirming pinkie and cast into the distance. He stressed the importance of doing this properly so as to avoid whipping your neighbour or startling the surrounding fish. Looking at granddad I stared intently at the thick folds throughout his face, his hunched over body and the shadows b eneath his eyes. As he cautiously scanned the horizon he noticed my attention had wavered and stared right into my soul seemingly extracting my thoughts. â€Å"Ethan, old age is nothing to fear but something to grasp with open arms and imagine the life past and still to come. You must remember that. This moment will pass but the memory remains forever and that’s what we hold on to even when death arrives.† I turned away not sure what he meant and focused back on my fishing. My line went taut and I was pulled back to the present. The fish wriggled desperately trying to free itself from the cruel spike threatening its life. It was helpless against my strong grasp. My determination to impress granddad and the weak power of the fish enabled me to reel the rod all the way in. I had caught a fish – a trout! It was avocado green speckled pink. I knew little of the types of fish but granddad told me it was a Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout native to this area. He smiled proud of what I had gained. * * * I wept bitter with regret as the pastor began to talk of grandfather’s life in such a dispassionate way. He knew nothing of the love I felt for him, of the kindness grandfather showed or of the suffering he endured in his last years. I wished I could have stood up and conjured up something which may have done him justice rather than this monatomic drone of weddings, birthdays and jobs. This was not all that my grandfather was. He was more than this. The room silenced as the pastor took to his seat. The roof of the coffin was replaced and the congregation bowed their heads remembering the man in their own way. I saw, not the cold lifeless face that had been laid before me this morning but the bright and warm-hearted glow from that fishing day. I saw him in his heaven with doves fluttering above a crystal ocean full of the most beautiful creatures.