Principles of Modern Finance Sample Midterm Essay Example Essay Example

Standards of Modern Finance Sample Midterm Essay Example Paper Standards of Modern Finance Sample Midterm Essay Introduction Standards of Modern Finance Spring 2013 Sample Midterm February 22, 2012 Instructions †¢ You have 1 hour and 40 minutes. †¢ The test is out of 25 focuses. †¢ There are 22 various decision questions. 19 inquiries are worth one point, 3 inquiries are worth two focuses and are set apart in that capacity. †¢ If you stall out, proceed onward and return later. 1. A stock is required to deliver a profit of $10 one year from now, and this profit is relied upon to develop by 5% every year from there on. What should the cost of the stock be if instruments of comparative hazard are paying 12%? (a) $83. 33 (b) $142. 86 (c) $150 (d) $200 2. An undertaking has the accompanying money? ows: Year 0 1 2 Cash? w +12000? 7080? 6654 The IRR of these money? ows is 9%. Resources of comparable hazard pay 5%. Would it be a good idea for you to acknowledge this task? (a) Yes (b) No 3. I am thinking about purchasing a Greek government bond that vows to pay $1210 in two years’ time. N otwithstanding, there is a likelihood that the Greek government will default among now and the guaranteed installment. On the off chance that the legislature defaults, the bond will just compensation $500. The likelihood of default is 0. 5. What should the cost of the bond be if instruments of comparable hazard are paying 10%? (a) $1000 (b) $706. 62 (c) $413. 22 (d) $303. 68 4. I am taken on a 2-year MBA program, and have recently begun classes. To pay the educational cost and everyday costs, I get $50,000 every year (paid toward the beginning of the year). The financing cost on the advance is 5%. I am sure to find a new line of work toward the finish of the two years of study. That activity will be ensured for a long time (from the date I start work), at a consistent compensation which will be paid toward the finish of every time of work. There are no duties. I gauge that I will have the option to spare 1/4 of my salary, whatever my pay is. What is the base pay the activity must ne ed to permit me to pay o? my credits inside ten years? (2pts) 2 (a) $43,050 (b) $50,000 (c) $55,752 (d) $61,339 5. A charge card organization o? rs me a card with 20% APR, exacerbated day by day. I make acquisition of $3,000 on the card, and permit enthusiasm to accumulate on those buys for a year. Expecting every year has 365 days, the sum I should take care of is: (a) $3,315 (b) $3,600 (c) $3,664 (d) $3,901. 30 Answer the following two inquiries concerning this data: Analysts contend that two things can occur throughout the following year: the economy can proceed for what it's worth or it can go into downturn. The profits of two stocks: General Electric (GE) and Cisco (CSCO) in every conceivable state are given underneath: State Return on GE Continue as-is 15 Recession? 5 Return on CSCO 5 - 1 The examiners gauge the likelihood of proceeding as-is to be 0. 8 , and the likelihood of a downturn to be 0. 2. 6. What is the normal profit for a portfolio which is 120% in GE and? 20% in C SCO? (a) 10. 04% (b) 8% (c) 2. 55% (d) 0% 7. What is the change of CSCO? (a) 1. 96%2 (b) 5. 76%2 (c) 13%2 (d) 23. 04%2 3 8. Alice can get a one-year credit at 5% at her bank, while no bank is happy to give Brad a one-year advance for under 10%. Brad has quite recently had medical procedure, and must compensation the clinic $10,000 quickly, yet he has no cash today, however he will have cash in one year. So Alice o? rs Brad a proposition: she will acquire $10,000 from her bank for one year for her own, and Brad will reimburse this credit. Furthermore, he will pay Alice an aggregate of cash today. What is the most extreme sum that Brad ought to be eager to pay Alice in advance under this course of action? Alice isn't eager to consider obtaining more than $10,000. (2pts) (a) $454. 54 (b) $377. 18 (c) $476. 19 (d) $500 9. The hazard free loan fee today is 7%. One year back, you purchased a benefit which is sans hazard and would pay $100 two years from the date of procurement. The hazard free financing cost on the date of procurement was 10%. You sell the advantage today. Standards of Modern Finance Sample Midterm Essay Body Paragraphs What is the pace of return (HPR) that you made? (a) 13% (b) 10% (c) 7% (d) 15% 10. The relationship between's Alcoa (AA) and American Express (AXP) is 0. 3. You need to frame a portfolio, putting half in each stock. What is the difference of your portfolio’s return? You have the accompanying data: AA AXP 10 12 8 16 Expected return Standard deviation of return (a) 85. 76%2 (b) 99. 2%2 (c) 121%2 (d) 144%2 11. On the off chance that you can get a 8% return (yearly e? ective) on a multi year CD from your nearby bank, would it be savvy to put resources into a multi year security which vows to make a solitary installment of $1000 toward an amazing finish? Accept both are similarly dangerous). This bond costs $475 now and will pay $1000 in ten years. 4 (a) Yes, the bond is better. (b) No, the bond is more terrible. (c) Can’t tell from data given 12. You are given the accompanying data about arrangement of two hazardous resources, An and B: Weight in A Weight in B Std. dev. of portfolio 0 1 12 0. 5 0. 5 14 1 0 16 What is the covariance among An and B? (a) 192%2 (b) 168%2 (c) 224%2 (d) Cannot be resolved 13. A? rm in a well-working capital market has the accompanying activities accessible. The hazard free rate is 10%. Which would it be advisable for it to put resources into? NPV IRR X 10 15% Y 0. 3% Z - 5 22% OCC 22% 5% 6% (a) X in particular (b) Z just (c) X and Y (d) X and Z (e) All three 5 14. You are thinking about putting resources into a bond. This bond costs $300 now and pays $550 in ten years. What is the IRR of this venture? (a) 1. 06% (b) 6. 25% (c) 8. 33% (d) 9. 01% Answer the following two inquiries utilizing the accompanying data: A task has the accompanying anticipated money? ows. Year 0 1 2 Expected money? ow? 370 814? 447. 7 The IRR of these money? ows is 10%. 15. Which of the NPV capacities on the accompanying page best depicts this venture? (2pts) (a) Graph A (b) Graph B (c) Graph C (d) Graph D 16. Offered your response to the past inquir y, what is the scope of markdown rates for which you ought to acknowledge this task? (a) 10% in particular (b) Greater than 10% (c) Less than 10% (d) Always acknowledge, with the exception of at 10% (e) Always dismiss 6 NPV 10% Discount rate 10% Discount rate Graph A Graph B NPV 10% Discount rate 10% Discount rate Graph C Graph D 7 Answer the following six inquiries utilizing the accompanying data: Boeing is an exceptionally expert? table plane producer. It is thinking about structure an office to make 747s on 10,000 sections of land in the Nevada desert. It isn't thinking about some other locales. To urge Boeing to set up the office, the nearby office of business has purchased the land and has o? ered to lease it to Boeing at a lease of zero dollars for each year. Expect that this â€Å"gift† has no duty suggestions for Boeing. If Boeing somehow happened to attempt to lease the land in the open market, the lease would be $1,500 per section of land every year, payable toward the finish of every year. Building the processing plant will cost Boeing $800M (800 million dollars), of which $200M is payable today and $600M will be should be paid when the manufacturing plant starts creation. It will take one year to construct the manufacturing plant and start creation. The IRS says that the $800M cost can be deteriorated (straight-line to zero) over the? rst twenty years in which the industrial facility produces planes. In any case, Boeing expects that the interest for the 747 will in the long run evaporate, thus they intend to scrap the plant after the? rst ten years of creation. They expect the piece will be sold for $100M. Boeing anticipates that the office should create and sell three Boeing 747 planes every year, with the? rst group prepared before the finish of year 2. Crude materials cost $100M per plane, and work costs will be $120M per year. Work costs will be paid toward the year's end in which they are acquired. Crude material will be paid for one ye ar late (I. e. , crude material expenses caused in year 2 will be paid toward the finish of year 3). Deals will be paid for a long time late. Stock is consistently 0. The value Boeing will get for each plane is dubious. It may be as high as $500M, or as low as $200M. Undoubtedly, the cost will be $400M. All things considered, the value they hope to get is $350M. Boeing’s corporate o? ce is situated in Chicago. Presently the CEO and his sta? make 120? ights a year in the corporate stream. Each? ight costs $200,000. On the off chance that the Nevada office is assembled, the CEO should make ten more? ghts a year, beginning in the? rst year of creation, with the cost per? ight being the equivalent. The cost of the? ights is caused toward the finish of year where the? ights are made. The pay of the CEO will remain? xed at $12m every year. Be that as it may, the corporate o? ce has chosen to designate $1m every time of this expense to the Nevada venture, should it be constructed, b eginning toward the finish of year 2. This portion has no assessment suggestions. Boeing has another undertaking which they needed to begin today. This undertaking has a solitary after-charge money in? ow of $20 million one year after it is begun (and no other in? ws or out? ows). Building the manufacturing plant in Nevada will possess official time, and imply that Boeing should defer beginning this task until the Nevada plant starts creation. Charges are required to be 30%. The rebate rate is 8%. 8 17. When computing money? ows for NPV, the income in the pay articulation toward the finish of every time of creation will be (a) $600M (b) $1050M (c) $1200M (d) $1500M 18. The normal money? ow the? rm gets from rejecting the plant following ten years of creation is (a) $70M (b) $90M (c) $100M (d) $190M (e) $280M 19. The cost that you will appear in the salary explanation for every time of creation will be: (a) $420M (b) $422M (c) $423M (d) $438M 20. What is the working capital toward th e finish of the second year of creation? (a)? $300M (b) $750M (c) $1050M (d) $1800M 21. What is your net money? ow two years after the plant has quit delivering, that is, toward the finish of year 13? (a) $0 (b) $735M (c) $750M (d) $1050M (e) $1800M 9 22. The PV today of the open door cost from deferring the other task is: (a) $20M (b) $18. 52M (c) $17. 15M (d) $1. 37M 10 We

How Remote Employees Stay Focused And Get Organized With Nathan Hirsch

How Remote Employees Stay Focused And Get Organized With Nathan Hirsch To what extent is your drive to work? Perhaps 15 minutes or more, contingent upon traffic, climate, and different components? A few advertisers get to simply turn up and go to their home office. As indicated by Upwork, 63% of organizations currently have telecommuters and practically half use consultants. How does remote functioning influence efficiency, joint effort, and association of advertising groups and organizations? Today, my visitor is Nathan Hirsch, FreeeUp.com author and CEO. We talk about choices and strategies to consider if your organization needs to grasp a remote workplace. Short Version of Entrepreneurial Story: Broke understudy to beginning an Amazon business to possessing a consultant commercial center FreeeUp assists organizations with developing by knowing when, who, and how to enlist Overseeing and working inside remote groups successfully Upsides and downsides: Access to ability, overhead costs, adaptability Pledge to Communication: Nothing gets lost or confused Set up plans and devices to stay away from likely entanglements FreeeUp’s Expectations for Freelancers: Skill, demeanor, and correspondence Remote Culture: Separate office spaces, however in the same spot Recruiting consistently includes hazard and prize; form trust and connections Levels and Skill Sets: Basic (devotees), Mid (practitioners), and High (specialists) Connections: FreeeUp Upwork Fiverr Skype Trello WhatsApp LastPass Compose an audit on iTunes and send a screen capture of it to get cool loot! On the off chance that you preferred today’s appear, if it's not too much trouble buy in on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The webcast is likewise accessible on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Statements by Nathan Hirsch: â€Å"I returned to remote, and I haven’t truly turned around since. To me, that’s the heading we’re going, regardless of whether you like it or not.† â€Å"Now, in the event that you are hoping to recruit, you gain admittance to individuals everywhere throughout the world. You simply get such a great amount of adaptability as a business owner.† â€Å"It’s about the correspondence. You must have the best, most grounded correspondence, on the off chance that you need it to work.† â€Å"Building a remote culture is somewhat harder. It necessitates that extra effort.†

Strategic Management Paper Chapter Essay Example

Key Management Paper Chapter Paper This can influence organization execution over the long haul particularly if individuals will belittle the new participants. Rt 3 Despite the section of new contenders, Jollibee has been inconsequential influenced in view of its plan of purchasing contenders and acclimatizing itself into the Company gathering. 06. There is an open door for contenders to concur upon a value roof to have the option to keep up their clients. Wt = . 09 To keep up clients is to guarantee that item costs are kept to a reasonable worth thinking about the opposition. New items are regularly made that are valued to a base to draw in clients. Rt = 2 Jollibee has kept up that costs of new items are stayed up to date with contenders. By doing this, the danger of new substitute items are limited since estimating is adjusted to address the potential danger. other inexpensive food items to fulfill their needs regarding food administration. Wt = achievement to a great extent relies upon its clients and their purchasing power. Rt = 3 By bringing down food costs, Jollibee keeps on tending to this discretionary cashflow rise in order to keep up steady or developing deals. By bringing down costs, Jollibee pulls in client who can purchase more in their stores contrasted with ther contenders. T2. Fluctuating utilization examples may lead purchasers to discover elective food items other than that which Jollibee may offer. Wt= . 06 The developing taste of shoppers influences the deals of organizations for they keep on searching out new items offering another taste. In any case, practically all natural ways of life don't essentially contrast in item offering. Rt = 3 By constant advancements of item improvement, Jollibee doesn't essentially lose in this danger. We will compose a custom article test on Strategic Management Paper Chapter explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Strategic Management Paper Chapter explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Strategic Management Paper Chapter explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer They can address the developing requests for new food items. T3. With progressively universal establishment store entering the Philippines, buyers have a great deal alternative to choose where to go sizeable presentation to global inexpensive food chains, very good quality eating. Wt= . 07 Globalization is up and coming and the Philippines is a decent spot to begin building up another food business. Filipinos are fundamentally food lover with frontier attitude inclining toward outside based chains over neighborhood ones. Rt 2 Jollibee has very neglected to address the flood of new and outside contenders. It has stayed with its image of advancing Filipino-arranged cheap food as of not long ago. T4. Jollibee faces a colossal market rivalry because of the way that these two (McDonalds and KFC) chains are universally based and is quickly extending and are as of now settled inside the nation. Wt = . 09 McDonalds and KFC are Jollibees greatest rivals in the nation. Both have the assets to play bit by bit with Jollibee regarding assets and item advancement. 4 Jollibee has increased determination to contend no holds barred with these two monster ast-natural ways of life by thorough item advancement and development. The key is ceaseless advancement and snappy reaction to the necessities of its market. T5. Absence of new participants to the business results to higher rivalry among existing and set up organizations. Wt= . 08 There are little contestants in the gauge Of Jollibee, McDonalds, or KFC regarding cheap food chain. Subsequently, the opposition is limited among the three major contenders. Rt = 2 Repsonse is essentially equivalent to past danger. Jollibee has increased determination to contend no holds barred with these two mammoth cheap food chains by igorous item improvement and development. T6. Higher rivalry is relied upon because of the dangers brought by substitute items. Wt = . 09 The inexpensive food industry plays on item advancement and improvement. Slacking into these will bring about diminished deals yield of cheap food organizations. Rt 4 Jollibee has tended to this ceaseless advancement and speedy reaction to the necessities of its market. B) Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) A serious profile lattice looks at an organization and its adversaries. The framework uncovers qualities and shortcomings for each organization, and basic achievement factors show regions of accomplishment or regions for development. Understanding a couple of key components of a serious profile lattice will help with translation. Jollibee McDonalds KFC Critical Success Factors Score 1 . Promoting . 4 0. 4 2. item Quality . 05 . 15 0. 15 0. 2 3. Value Competitiveness . 3 . 9 0. 9 0. 6 4. The board . 2 5. Money related Position 6. Client Loyalty 0. 3 7. Worldwide Expansion 8. Piece of the pie 1. 2 Total: 100% 3. 57 3. 35 2. 65 4 = Major quality where the reaction is unrivaled, 3 = Minor quality where the reaction is better than expected, 2 = Minor shortcoming where reaction is normal, 1 = Major shortcoming where the reaction is poor. In the Philippines, it is obvious that Jollibee is the main cheap food brand generally speaking. Despite the fact that McDonalds is close and KFC keeping up a decent separation not to be forgotten about, Jollibees SUCceSS is clear as against different contenders to a great extent since it is a privately based firm dissimilar to the next two which are globally based. CSFI . Publicizing Weight = Jollibee utilizes various methodologies regularly looking to create expanded utilization of their items or administrations through marking, which includes partner an items name or picture with specific characteristics in the psyches of customers. Jollibee Rate = 4 Jollibees income shoots up due to its solid advertising programs exuding from the Langhap Sarap aphorism. McDonalds Rate = 4 McDonalds contributes on their showcasing programs also, going from its first, drive † through offices, the McSavers esteem suppers and Happy Meals, and the presentation and re-propelling of different McDonalds items. KFC Rate The chain is notable for the finger lickin great trademark which makes it such a commonly recognized name in the inexpensive food chain industry too. CSF2. Item Quality CSF Weight = . 5 Most business, for example, Jollibee, that produce merchandise available to be purchased have an item uality or affirmation division that screens active items for customer worthiness Jollibee Rate = 3 Jollibee has a solid comprehension of Filipinos taste and inclination just as it is high caliber with a custom-made menu explicitly for Filipinos. McDonalds Rate = 3 McDonalds is resolved to give clients top notch items too KFC Rate = 4 While KFC is referred to for its Quality Management Program as its norms for item quality surpasses the clients desires. CSF3. Value Competitiveness weight = . 3 Competitive estimating is utilized by Jollibee frequently on the grounds that they sell comparable roducts to that of McDonalds and KFC, since administrations can fluctuate from business to business while the properties of Jollibees items stay comparable. Jollibee Rate = 3 Its value seriousness is lower than that offered by the contenders, or the cost is made increasingly appealing on account of included motivating forces, for example, longer installment terms. McDonalds Rate 3 McDonalds likewise offers food at costs that can't be effortlessly coordinated by different contenders along these lines making this a preferred position. KFC Rate = 2 KFC utilizes this evaluating technique too however contrasted with Jollibee and McDonalds, its way to deal with this system is less forceful contrasted with the ther contenders. CSF4. The executives weight = . 05 It is apparent that the organization utilizes compelling and proficient arranging techniques from objective and target setting progressive structure to obligation designations and occupation determinations. Jollibee Rate = 4 Jollibee consistently ensures that all parts of the everyday running eatery, from deals and operational administration to budgetary control and group improvement. We are searching for pioneers who will expand the capability of the Restaurant and convey outstanding resu Its through their kin. McDonalds Rate = 4 McDonalds has given similar strategies respects its administration. KFC Rate = 4 ike Jollibee and McDonalds, KFC recruits the correct contender to deal with its tasks and system arranging. CSF5. Monetary Position The organization is predictable with an expanding pattern regarding incomes, working expenses and costs. Jollibee Rate = 4 Jollibee is in a safe budgetary position. Notwithstanding, enhancements are required in certain territories for the organization on the off chance that it plans to develop. McDonalds Rate 4 It is found that proficient activities, solid short and long haul dissolvability position, high gainfulness, exceptionally faithful client, more extensive ne?ork development nd the worth including menu are main considerations Of its fruitful money related position. KFC Rate = 4 KFCs raising proportion is an aftereffect of the higher increment in deals over its expense of deals and working costs, prompting a higher pay before intrigue and assessments. CSF6. Client Loyalty Weight Jollibee these days have promoted making their reliability programs, which frequently gives benefits that likewise cost a bit, yet it conveys with them an expected glory. Jollibee Rate = 4 Instead of focusing on all clients, Jollibee just needs to target new clients so as to develop their business. Their client faithfulness is an effectively efendable subjective factor, so contending organizations will make some troublesome memories beating it. McDonalds Rate † 4 McDonalds might not have Jollibees high Customer Loyalty yet it instills brand reliability in clients as sees to presenting Ronald McDonald as its jokester mascot. KFC Rate = 3 KFCs procedure in picking up Customer Loyalty really focuses on the adolescent and the organization concentrates more on development. CSF7. Worldwide Expansion Jollibee is forcefully entrusting its development both locally and all inclusive which in the long haul, increasingly more of the benefit development will originate from diversifying. Jollibee Rate = 2 In contrast to its

Charlie Chaplin Essays - American Comedy Films, Charlie Chaplin

Charlie Chaplin Charles Spencer Chaplin was conceived on April 16, 1889 in Walworth, London, and carried on a Dickensian adolescence, imparted to his sibling, Sydney, that included extraordinary neediness, workhouses and seeing his mom's psychological decrease put her into an organization. The two his folks, however isolated when he was youthful, were music lobby craftsmen, his dad broadly so. Be that as it may, it was his mom Charlie revered and was roused by during his visits behind the stage while she performed, to take up such a vocation for himself. He accomplished his aspiration when he joined a moving troop, the Eight Lancashire Lads, and this in the end drove onto parts in Sherlock Holmes and Casey's Court Circus. Sydney, in the interim, had joined the well known Fred Karno Company and immediately turned into a main player and author in that. He figured out how to get Charlie included, and he too turned into a Karno star. For the two young men, Karno was very nearly a school of parody for them, and the period had a tremendous effect on Charlie particularly. In 1910 Charlie visited the U.S. with the Karno gathering and returned for another in 1912. It was on this visit he was head chased by Mack Sennett and his Keystone Film Company, and Charlie was in this way brought into the mode of film. His first film, in 1914, was apropos titled Getting by, and it was coordinated by Henry Lehrman. He featured in a considerable lot of his Cornerstones nearby Mabel Normand, who likewise coordinated three of his movies, yet it wasn't until Twenty Minutes of Love that he had a sample of guiding himself, what's more, this immediately turned into the main way he worked. His prosperity was with the end goal that he was ready to move starting with one organization then onto the next, each time into a superior arrangement. In 1915, after thirty-five movies, he moved to Essanay, and it was here he truly found his feet, also his longest serving driving woman, Edna Purviance. Prominent movies during this period incorporate The Champion, The Tramp and The Bank. In 1916 he moved to Lone Star Mutual, with much more noteworthy control and money related rewards. Here he made the authoritative Chaplin short comedies, The Rink, Easy Road, The Cure and The Immigrant. First National were straightaway, and it was here he developed his full length perfect work of art, The Kid. Shorter comedies of note at this time included Sunnyside and The Idle Class. Alongside his incredible companion, Douglas Fairbanks, just as Mary Pickford and D.W. Griffith, Chaplin framed Joined Artists in 1919. He made his first film for them in 1923, the Edna Purviance vehicle, A Woman of Paris, maybe the least known about his movies, yet it was trailed by the Chaplin works of art - The Gold Rush, The Circus, City Lights furthermore, Modern Times. It wasn't until 1940 that he made his first talkie, The Great Despot, to be trailed by the more refined Monsieur Verdoux and Limelight, a think back to the music lobby universe of his childhood. Spotlight (1952) was the last film he made in America. McCarthyite political maneuverings successfully launched out him from the nation and he wasn't to return until 1972, when he got a uncommon Academy Award. Meanwhile, however generously invited back to England, he moved to Switzerland with his better half, Oona O' Neill, and their youngsters. He made two additional movies, A King In New York (1957, with Dawn Addams) what's more, A Countess From Hong Kong (1967, with Sophia Loren and Marlon Brando) and spent his last years composing music for his movies and making the most of his family life before he passed on, at 4 A.M. on Christmas Day in 1977. Catalog Robinson, David. Charlie Chaplin: The Art of Comedy (1995) Mitchell, Glenn. The Chaplin Encyclopedia (1997) Karney, Robyn and Cross, Robin. The Life and Times of Charlie Chaplin (1992) Gifford, Denis. The Comic Art of Charlie Chaplin (1989) McCabe, John. Charlie Chaplin (1978) Payne, Robert. The Great Charlie (1957)

Network Security of LAN used in Small Office and Home Office Essay

System Security of LAN utilized in Small Office and Home Office - Essay Example Another reality qualified to note is that under 66% (62 percent) of these independent companies utilize programmed fixing. Those that don't utilize programmed fixing has the danger of not getting a basic update and in all likelihood leave their frameworks open for the following round of assaults that will obviously come. Proposals for improving these accepted procedures are advanced. As time passes, interconnectivity in today’s commercial center creates and various organizations are putting their trust on the Internet and other system advances for the smooth working of their organizations. Indeed, even independent companies presently have the capacity to rival adequacy contrasted and bigger organizations as the web offers the capacity for them to grow the land extent of their market. What's more, the Internet can make 71 percent of independent companies to start directing diverse business errands, for example, adjusting the client and doing acquirement, as an ongoing overview appears (American Express, 2002). Be that as it may, this awesome news doesn't come without a catch. Web association especially a day in and day out broadband association is likewise a security risk to independent companies which presumably come up short on the assets and specialized aptitude to manage it. The insufficiency of private company to enlist a various IT staff as regularly found in greater organizations is an obstruction. Administrators of these private ventures are obviously unfit to completely understand yet the data and business ramifications of the security dangers and dangers. The noteworthy factor in the formation of a standard security program for an organization is as yet its size, where littler business generally far-fetched to have exceptionally confused security for themselves (Kotulic and Clark, 2004). In an overall overview done by Ernst and Young, 34 percent of respondents discovered they are not exactly adequate in telling whether their frameworks are being assaulted. 32

How to Find Writing Inspiration When You Run Out of Ideas

How to Find Writing Inspiration When You Run Out of Ideas In ancient Rome and ancient Greece, if a writer or artist couldnt tap into the inspiration needed to complete an artistic project, it wasnt their fault. It was a commonly held belief that creativity came from a spiritual entity outside of the artist, known by the Romans as a Genius and by the Greeks as a Daemon. If inspiration wasnt present, the writer would simply wait until the divine chose to visit once more.In modern-day thought, this concept has changed, leaving the creative with full responsibility to be inspired and create. Its an extraordinary burden, especially if your livelihood depends on it, but telling your editor or client, Sorry, my daemon didnt visit today, so I cant meet the deadline doesnt work.So how do you find inspiration when you run out of ideas or feel writers block weighing heavily? Here are a few ideas.Finding consistent creative inspiration can be an extraordinary burden, especially if your livelihood depends on it. Photo by Jhonis Martins from Pexels.Watch TVNormally, youd think that television is the bane of a writers existence. However, if its inspiration you want, there are multiple shows available that provide a solid foundation for character building, storytelling, and setting the right tone. This article about shows for writers to binge watch on Netflix offers a list of some good ones to get you started.Go on a pilgrimageLiving in the South, I am within a days drive from famous literary meccas like William Faulkners Rowan Oak and Flannery OConnors childhood home. These locations are full of details that would inspire any writer, such as the outline to A Fable in Faulkners own handwriting on the walls of his home. Youll also see the settings that inspired your favorite writers and learn a little more about who they were as people going about their daily lives.Write about writingWriting is a process and like any other process, you need to contemplate the steps to master it. The best way to pull off this sort of contemplation is t hroughâ€"you guessed itâ€"writing. Take a moment to write about why you enjoy writing in the first place. What is it about the act of writing that is cathartic for you? Is it something you really need an audience for or are you happy just exploring it on your own? How has writing changed your life and how do you imagine it will continue to do so? Exploring these questions will help you find the inspiration you have lost.Use stream of consciousnessWilliam Faulkner, Marcel Proust, Jack Kerouac and Virginia Woolf all understood the power of stream of consciousness writing. You can harness that power to find inspiration when its lurking out of reach. Stream of consciousness involves immediately writing what comes into your mind, without attention given to grammar, punctuation, or even logic. Often, this kind of writing is full of sensory detail that isnt present when we apply rules, so experimenting with it is a great way to get creativity flowing. Also, the lack of attention given to e diting allows for you to put words on a page in their purest form.Ask questions to total strangersEveryone has a story to tell. And some are desperately waiting to tell it, if only they could find a willing listener. Thats why talking with a total stranger is underrated, especially if youre a writer looking for inspiration. However, those with a knack for writing also tend toward social anxiety, so it isnt easy for everyone to walk up to a stranger and start a conversation.Thats where social media and the Internet can help. Posing questions that are open to a wide audience, on websites such as Quora, will yield a lot of interesting responses. And many people feel safe enough behind a computer screen where they are not afraid to get personal, or share intimate details about their past experiences, which makes the process even more inspiring.Listen to musicMusic is one of the easiest ways to tap into the subconscious. Genres ranging from electronica and ambient to jazz and classical o ffer a soundscape that is often without words, allowing you to close your eyes and let the words find you. Listening to music can help you visualize scenes and characters from a place of pure creativity, while relaxing your mind enough to return eventually to your typewriter or laptop with the inspiration you need.Sometimes, playing music while writing can help you set the right tone for your scenes. If you cant do both, try putting on headphones and closing your eyes to see which words the music evokes.Listening to music can help you visualize scenes and characters from a place of pure creativity. Photo by Juja Han on Unsplash.Tidy upThere is scientific proof that clutter dampens the brains ability to focus. In fact, visual clutter suppresses the brains responsiveness and increases anxiety. Simply putâ€"the brain becomes overloaded with visual stimuli and tries to sort through it all, leaving little capacity remaining for things like writing. Taking the time to tidy up your office or writing space not only clears your mind in the processâ€"it also allows your focus to be sharper when you eventually do sit back down to write.Observe peopleYou learn a lot by watching others, especially if youre a writer. Observing their movements and their idiosyncrasies, along with the way they interact with others around them, teaches you more about character building than any book ever could.You dont have to be creepy about it, either. Simply find a spot where people pass by often and watch. Keep a notebook handy to jot down any interesting ideas or details you notice. While the point of this kind of observation is to clear your mind and find inspiration when its elusive, it could become fodder for characters you intend to create and stories youve yet to write.Listen to podcasts by and about creativesSometimes, all you need is practical advice from others who have traveled the same path youre traveling. Podcasts are an excellent way to find inspiration, whether theyre on the topic of writing or simply interviews with other authors and creatives. Here are five great TedTalks to inspire your writing and there are hundreds more available through sites like TED, which offers listeners a customizable search across topics, languages, and podcast duration.One of the great things about listening to a podcast is you can multitask while doing it, which is especially helpful for writers who have a 9 to 5 job or a busy family life. Podcasts can be downloaded to your smartphone and played on your morning commute to work, and you can listen to one while cleaning house or folding the laundry. Filling your mind with inspirational discussions and talks means less room for self-doubt and criticism, which can be detrimental to a writers creative endeavors.Go to natureTranscendentalist essayist Henry David Thoreau once wrote, I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to te ach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. This quote summarizes Thoreaus approach to inspiration in that he understood how being alone in nature had a profound impact on his creative pursuits.You dont have to be a Transcendentalist to benefit from this practice. Stepping outside of your writing space for a while, walking, and breathing in the fresh air are all good for your body, as well as your mind. Often, a simple change of environment is all thats needed to get creativity flowing. When the environment is quiet and peaceful, you can use it as a meditative moment to clear your mind of all the clutter and focus in on whats importantâ€"your writing.Read a bookStephen King once wrote, If you dont have time to read, you dont have the time (or the tools) to write. Simple as that. For writers, reading allows you to internalize multiple things that will help you in your own creative pursuits, such as what publishers and audiences are looking for, how great stories are crafted, and how to make dialogue flow naturally on the page. Reading expands your vocabulary and provides cues for what works and what doesnt, while indirectly teaching you about everything from character building and narrative technique to the pace and tone that works best in a particular genre.If your intent is to publish your work, it is especially important that you read other authors within that genre to get a feel for whats out there and what your intended readership will expect. Additionally, when soliciting your manuscript to agents and publishers, youll need to include information about other books on the market that would be similar to yours in a competitive analysis. In this analysis, youre expected to state what will set your book apart from the others, and you cant do this unless youre well-read in the genre.

Assignment on the Philosophy of the Body Biomechanics - 550 Words

Assignment on the Philosophy of the Body Biomechanics (Coursework Sample) Content: The body Movement TechniquesNameInstitutionDateChapter 1Reflection: What kinds of movements of practices would you identify as body techniques ? Why?Body techniques are the ways in which the body adapts to the physical and social environments for survival. According to Summer (1908) Social interactions play a big role in shaping the body to align itself with the pre-existing social norms. The body therefore develops some techniques that are essential for the wellbeing of the person. These movement of practices can be identified as Maintenance of self in social encounters, self-identity, physical appearance and body image as well as self-esteem.To maintain ones self in a social setting might prove to be a great challenge for many. This is due to the fact that one tries so hard to maintain a certain impression to those they interact with. This impression is important as people will judge you as you present your body to them. Those who create a bad impression at the first instance may not get another chance to present themselves otherwise. It is therefore very necessary for one to learn the exact body movements necessary for a certain social setting.Self-identity is the ability of one to understand themselves better. This identity crisis might lead to wrong choices with a bid to improve body appearance. People should always be contented with who they are. It also advisable that people get to understand themselves better before engaging others. Other movements of practice include self-esteem in which according to Shilling (2003) can highly be threatened by physical and emotional body injuries. Finally, how one thinks about self-matters a lot, it goes by the saying, you think so you are. Think positive about yourself always.Chapter 2What do you think Adrienne Rich meant by her statement that the body for women is a problem? In what ways do women challenge this claim in everyday life?The anatomical appearance of women has led to so many myths and misconceptions when it comes to sexuality, According to Adrienne Rich, this could be the reason women face so many problems in the society. The female body is characterized by broadened hips and breasts as well as soft skin that attracts men sexually. This appealing body appearance has led to gender based violence cases such as rape and forced marriage in some societies. It is therefore evident that male counterparts view women as tools of sexual satisfaction due to their appearance.The female body has led to low self-esteem amongst women hence most women would rather alter the natural beauty by adding make-ups and synthetic hair so as they may feel ...

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Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee - 1137 Words

The novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Taught me many lessons that I apply to my life each day. To Kill a Mockingbird has made an incredible impact on my life and has made me realize many things. As I have gotten older I have begun to realize how things are not always as they appear to be. Whether it is people, situations or even opportunities. You may think you know or understand someone when in reality you may not even understand anything about the person at all. Today, society is often quick to judge and make assumptions about individuals without even knowing their story and sometimes even half of their story. Being a teenager and a young adult in the world today can be difficult. We are told how to act and how to dress according to the world’s standards. Harper Lee taught me the importance of being myself through her story about Scout. I now know how important it is to stand up for myself and never let anyone belittle my values. The first time I read To Kill a Moc kingbird I was amazed and honestly a little bit confused. There was such an incredible and powerful lesson taught throughout the book. It was not a lesson that many sixteen year olds like myself even paid attention to or would even begin to apply to their lives. People are not always as they seem. People often put on a strong front, even when they are feeling weak. People often have a hidden past that they are ashamed about. People may have been through so many experiences that they are a littleShow MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1049 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: How a Story could be based on True Events in Everyday LifeDaisy GaskinsCoastal Pines Technical Collegeâ€Æ'Harper Lee was born in Monroeville, Alabama. Her father was a former newspaper editor and proprietor, who had served as a state senator and practiced as a lawyer in Monroeville. Also Finch was known as the maiden name of Lee’s mother. With that being said Harper Lee became a writer like her father, but she became a American writer, famous for her race relations novel â€Å"ToRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1000 Words   |  4 Pagesworld-wide recognition to the many faces of prejudice is an accomplishment of its own. Author Harper Lee has had the honor to accomplish just that through her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, a moving and inspirational story about a young girl learning the difference between the good and the bad of the world. In the small town of Monroeville, Alabama, Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926. Growing up, Harper Lee had three siblings: two sisters and an older brother. She and her siblings grew up modestlyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1290 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee published To Kill a Mockingbird during a rough period in American history, also known as the Civil Rights Movement. This plot dives into the social issues faced by African-Americans in the south, like Tom Robinson. Lee felt that the unfair treatment towards blacks were persistent, not coming to an end any time in the foreseeable future. This dark movement drove her to publish this novel hopeful that it would encourage the society to realize that the harsh racism must stop. Lee effectivelyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee873 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee illustrates that â€Å"it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird† throughout the novel by writing innocent characters that have been harmed by evil. Tom Robinson’s persecution is a symbol for the death of a mockingbird. The hunters shooting the bird would in this case be the Maycomb County folk. Lee sets the time in the story in the early 1950s, when the Great Depression was going on and there was poverty everywhere. The mindset of people back then was that blackRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee963 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing up, when older characters give advice to children or siblings.Growing up is used frequently in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Harper Lee uses the theme growing up in To Kill a Mockingbird to change characters opinion, develop characters through their world, and utilizes prejudice to reveal growing up. One major cause growing up is used in To Kill a Mockingbird is to represent a change of opinion. One part growing up was shown in is through the trial in part two of the novelRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1052 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee takes place in Maycomb County, Alabama in the late 30s early 40s , after the great depression when poverty and unemployment were widespread throughout the United States. Why is the preconception of racism, discrimination, and antagonism so highly related to some of the characters in this book? People often have a preconceived idea or are biased about one’s decision to live, dress, or talk. Throughout To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee examines the preconceptionRead MoreHarper Lee and to Kill a Mockingbird931 Words   |  4 PagesHarper Lee and her Works Harper Lee knew first hand about the life in the south in the 1930s. She was born in Monroeville, Alabama in 1926 (Castleman 2). Harper Lee was described by one of her friends as Queen of the Tomboys (Castleman 3). Scout Finch, the main character of Lees Novel, To Kill a Mockinbird, was also a tomboy. Many aspects of To Kill a Mockingbird are autobiographical (Castleman 3). Harper Lees parents were Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Finch Lee. She was the youngestRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1695 Words   |  7 PagesIn To Kill a Mockingbird Harper Lee presents as a ‘tired old town’ where the inhabitants have ‘nowhere to go’ it is set in the 1930s when prejudices and racism were at a peak. Lee uses Maycomb town to highlight prejudices, racism, poverty and social inequality. In chapter 2 Lee presents the town of Maycomb to be poverty stricken, emphasised through the characterisation of Walter Cunningham. When it is discovered he has no lunch on the first day of school, Scout tries to explain the situation to MissRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1876 Words   |  8 PagesThough Harper Lee only published two novels, her accomplishments are abundant. Throughout her career Lee claimed: the Presidential Medal of Freedom, Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, Goodreads Choice Awards Best Fiction, and Quill Award for Audio Book. Lee was also inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters. This honor society is a huge accomplishment and is considered the highest recognition for artistic talent and accomplishment in the United States. Along with these accomplishments, herRead MoreKill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee1197 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as crops, houses, and land, and money was awfully limited. These conflicts construct Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mocking Bird. In To Kill a Mocking Bird, Lee establishes the concurrence of good and evil, meaning whether people are naturally good or naturally evil. Lee uses symbolism, characterization, and plot to portray the instinctive of good and evil. To Kill a Mocking Bird, a novel by Harper Lee takes place during the 1930s in the Southern United States. The protagonist, Scout Finch,

Effectiveness of Organisational Theories in Organisational Structures Free Essay Example, 3000 words

There are two elementary requirements for organisational structure. One is the division of labour, which is concerned with splitting labour or work tasks into distinct tasks. It involves subdivision of big work tasks into simple jobs, which are assigned to various people. Division of labour is essential as it fosters specialisation in the organisation with individuals participating in the tasks in which they feel best positioned to accomplish. Thus, a division of labour increases the work efficiency in organisations and it is necessary as firms grow with work becoming more complex (Jacobides 2007, p. The other requirement is the coordination of labour to enable the workers to carry out their roles in concert to realise the goals, missions, visions, and objectives of their organisations. Coordination occurs via informal communication, standardisation, as well as a formal hierarchy. Informal communication involves sharing of information among the organisational members (especially the important teams) using high media-richness. Formal hierarchy involves direct supervision of the juniors by their managers and it is common in larger organisations. This mode of coordination has such problems as being slow, costly, as well as less popular among the young staff. We will write a custom essay sample on Effectiveness of Organisational Theories in Organisational Structures or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Standardisation coordinates organisational members via giving of formal instructions. This composes of establishing clear outputs or goals, which are enforced through training and acquisition of necessary skills (Walonick 1993, Para 3-4). For effectiveness in operations, every organisation requires an organisational structure. The organisational structure is the mode of structure, which determines the reporting or the hierarchical structure in an organisation. Sometimes, organisational structure is synonymously used with an organisational chart. There exists a variety of organisational structures, which firms follow depending on some various things such as geographical regions, hierarchy, or product among others. To put it in simple terms, organisational structure is the plan, which shows the work organisation as well as the arrangement of work in some systematic forms.

The History and Definition of Democracy - 742 Words

According to the Oxford dictionary online democracy is defined as, A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives (Oxford, 2014). In other words the population of a nation or land participates in the government. This participation is typically done by elections. Democracy has changed throughout history. In the past the population is the government; today most often the people will appoint individuals to represent them. Each of these styles of government has an unique way of dividing up the power between the electors and the elected. The models of democracy may be different but the conditions needed to obtain democracy are the same; how those conditions are acquired is debated. Ancient Athens in the fifth century B.C. is recognized as the first democracy (Gascoigne, B., 2014, p. 1). The democracy model in Athens was different than the modern democracy in countries such as America. All free males gathered to discuss what business needed to be done; Slaves, women, and children were excluded from participating in the government. The electorate voted by either a show of hands or by casting a ballot (Hansen, M. H., 1977, p. 1). The power was held by the entire voting population not the elected officials. In this way when an official did something that went against the desires of those who elected him, he could be removed easily. Elected officials could not exercise more power than what wasShow MoreRelatedThe Concept Of American Democracy1699 Words   |  7 Pages Democracy is perhaps the most elusive concept of all times. But if there has to be something more elusive, it will surely be the concept of American democracy. In 1858, Abraham Lincoln is known to have written:  ¨As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a master †¦ This expresses my idea of democracy. Whoever differs from this, to the extent of the difference, is no democracy. ¨ The initial understanding of American democracy takes the form of an antithesis of English colonialism and slaveryRead MoreDemocratic Peace Theory1319 Words   |  6 Pageschoose their friends and enemies. Preventing conflict between two democracies or countries that practice democracy is called Democratic Peace Theory. However, research has begun to show that Democratic Peace Theory is ineffective and needs to be brought to an end as a model for how international relations are formed or destroyed. Democratic Peace Theory needs to be abolished as a support for forming foreign policy between democracies because of the burden placed on both parties to come to an agreementRead MoreDissent And Disagreement1459 Words   |  6 Pagesmatters and not dissented. In the Decline of Radicalism, by Daniel J. Boorstin, he asserts that â€Å"disagreement is the life blood of democracy, dissension is its cancer† and that dissent is negative word. Boorstin also claims that â€Å"disagreemen t produces debate†, which is true, but could have all conflicts been solved with diplomacy? Dissent is the life blood of democracy and it is not negative; it is vital to how our nation came to be. Dissent is, according to Boorstin, is when people â€Å"have a quarrel†Read More Americas Democracy Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesAmericas Democracy The United States of America is a republic, or representative democracy. Democracy, a word that comes to us from Greek, literally means the people rule (Romance, July 8). This broad definition leaves unanswered a few important details such as who are the people, how shall they rule, and what should they rule on (July 8). Defining the answers to those questions means defining a model for a democratic system. William E. Hudson defines four such models in his book American DemocracyRead MoreNationalism and Democracy Essay1166 Words   |  5 PagesNationalism has played a crucial role in world history over the past centuries. It continues to do so today. For many, nationalism is indelibly associated with some of the worst aspects of modern history, such as the destructive confidence of the Napoleon’s army and the murderous pride of Nazi Germany. Large numbers of people, descent in their hearts, have carried out unbelievable atrocities for no better reason than their nation requir ed them to. Authoritarian and totalitarian regime have crushedRead MoreIs the EU Democratic?1411 Words   |  6 Pagesof regional integration. It, based on numerous treaties and resolutions, has strived to promote values such as peace, cooperation or democracy, and in 2012 was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for having â€Å"contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe† (Nobel Media AB, 2012). Despite its struggle for promoting democracy, the EU itself has long experienced scholarly criticisms that it suffers the democratic deficit, from which its democratic legitimacyRead MorePower, Authority And Power And The Views Of The State1388 Words   |  6 PagesPlato and JS Mill both gave political theories of the state that were very different. The essay will look to cover their theories as well as definitions, strengths and weaknesses on democracy, authority and power and the views of JS Mill and Plato, giving their thoughts, ide as and styles. The researcher will also apply these definitions of authority and democracy to both Mill’s and Plato’s theories of the state. Heywood tells us that authority is, in the broadest sense of the word, a form of powerRead MoreThe Political System Of Democracy Essay1697 Words   |  7 Pagessystem of Democracy that has existed since the days of ancient Greece. When applied to the United States of America, two forms of Democracy are presented that clash together in their principles. This is of course, Elite Democracy and Popular Democracy. Through the analysis of the process of the Electoral College, the actions of politically charged people, and various reforms throughout history, we can see how Popular Democracy pales in comparison to the superior philosophy of Elite Democracy. BeforeRead More Education in Colonial History Essay810 Words   |  4 PagesEducation in Colonial History Thomas Jefferson and Robert Coram both had different plans for education in colonial America. Jefferson was the most well known advocate for education while Coram was the least famous devisor of educational plans. Jefferson, as we all know, wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the third President. Robert Coram was a young man who worked for a Republican newspaper in Delaware. He based most of his plan on the works of Noah Webster, who wasRead MoreDemocracy And Government Repression Essay. Democracy Is1620 Words   |  7 PagesDemocracy and government repression essay Democracy is a difficult concept to define, with almost every nation state in the world self-defining themselves as such, when in fact not all are. The complexity of the definition of democracy poses challenges when one is trying to analyse the causes and effects that democracy can have. Democracy occurs by degree, not in absolutes, further complicating analysis. The traditional definition of democracy prior to the revolutions of the 18th and 19th centuries

Nursing and Health Care Foundations Free Essays

Identify one area of nursing research that has improved patient outcomes. State the study and its impact on patient care. How have these findings changed your nursing practice? The American Association of Colleges of Nursing , believes that education has a major impact on the knowledge and competencies of the nurse clinician. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing and Health Care Foundations or any similar topic only for you Order Now AACN helps employers to get benefit on the education and experience provided by the different educational programs leading to the registered nurse description by using these nurses in different capacities. BSN graduates bring exceptional skills to their work as nursing clinicians and play an important role in the safe patient care. Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania found that surgical patients in Magnet hospitals had 14% lower chances of inpatient death within 30 days and 12% lower chances of failure-to-rescue compared with patients cared for in non-Magnet hospitals. These study states that these effects were creditedin large part to investments in highly qualified and educated nurses. You can read also Coronary Artery Disease Nursing Care Plan Studies have also found that baccalaureate nurses have stronger communication and problem solving skills and a higher ability to make nursing diagnoses and for nursing interventions. The federal government, the military, nurse executives, health care foundations, nursing organizations, and practice settings recognize the exceptional value of baccalaureate-prepared nurses and advocate for an increase in the number of BSN nurses across clinical settings. Nurses with Bachelor of Science in Nursing degrees are well organized to meet the demands placed on today’s nurse. BSN nurses are valued for their expertise in critical thinking, leadership, case management, and health promotion, and for their ability to practice in inpatient and outpatient settings. Nurse executives, federal agencies, the military, leading nursing organizations, health care foundations, magnet hospitals, and minority nurse advocacy groups all accept the unique value that baccalaureate-prepared nurses bring to the practice setting. Reference The Impact of Education on Nursing Practice (2008). Retrieved from The American Association of Colleges of Nursing http://www. aacn. nche. edu/media-relations/Fact-sheets/impact-of-education How to cite Nursing and Health Care Foundations, Papers

The Academic Essay Rough Draft free essay sample

Lastly this essay will discuss referencing and the format used in an academic essay. To begin with, what is an academic essay and what does one use it for? At university level one will be required to write many academic essays. Essays are written for many reasons, to explore, challenge, convince, entertain, etc. The academic essay is usually written to answer a question. It involves accurate research to inform the reader correctly. There is no foolproof method to produce a quality assignment. Every student will approach it differently; however, there are basic steps that have to be followed when writing an academic essay (Sessile, 1999).When doing research e should have an understanding of what is required, attending lectures or classes will help with this (Aries, 2010:4). Research is a very important part to an essay. Without research we will not be able to give the reader a true depiction of information. Extensive research is fundamental to providing the reader with a wide range of knowledge. When doing research one should remember to use many different sources. Using techniques such as skimming, over viewing and scanning will help you to gain an overall understanding of the information being researched quickly. The topic of your assignment should always be kept in mind. One should not go overboard, stick to the relevance of your topic when doing research. Always remember to take bibliographic details of the sources from where the information was sourced (Sessile, 1999). When looking for research be sure the source that is being used is creditable, especially when using the internet. Using a source such as Wisped is not safe; the information on that website is not all of the time accurate. If one is not sure about the information that has been obtained double check it. When planning ones essay there are many things to look at. A common failing in essays is the absence of any sense of overall unity and coherence. Teachers and lecturers frequently complain that, in writing their essays, students seem to write a paragraph and then pause to think, now what can say next? , then another paragraph, another pause and so on. The points made in the essay seem to have been set down in random order, with little connection between them, and no sense of a coherently developing argument (Viziers, 1 992: 14) (Aries, 2010:4). As we can see what Viziers is stating is that it is essential to plan, without planning one will end up with a mess.Once the information has been gathered one has to structure it. Most academic essays follow three elements: introduction, body and conclusion (Sessile, 1999). The introduction should be a short paragraph introducing the topic on which the essay will be written about. It should show what aspects your essay will be focusing on. The introduction is important in grabbing the readers attention. The body follows the introduction. It will be made up of many paragraphs. Each paragraph will discuss a topic in detail. The order of the paragraphs should be logical.One must use reliable evidence in your body helping to make the information as accurate as possible. Lastly you will have a conclusion. The conclusion will be a brief summary of the points you have discussed. The conclusion should not be long, only a short paragraph (Aries: 2010:5). When writing an academic essay there is a few things that can guide you. Never use a metaphor, simile or other figure of speech which you are used to seeing in text. Do not use a long word where a short one will be fine. If it is possible to cut out a word then cut it out. Never use the passive when you can use the active.Dont use scientific words or jargon when you can use plain English (Door, 2010). Do not use first errors referencing or second person referencing. An academic essay should always have a rough draft. The rough draught should be the first ideas that come to your head. It is okay if it IS not well structured or the length requirement. Your final draft should be well edited; spell checked and be in the correct format. This is the draft that will be assessed (Crisis, 2008). Plagiarism means: to copy someone elses ideas, words, or work and pretend that they are your own (Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, 201 0: 1 1 15).Plagiarism is an extremely serious matter when it comes to writing an essay. Stealing someone elses ideas is a crime and should not be taken lightly. Each idea used needs to be acknowledged with a footnote or in-text citation. If a direct quote is going to be used it must be enclosed in quotation marks. Ideas that have been gained from a source must be attributed to that source. All the sources that have been used must be listed in a source list or a bibliography. The copyright act that is used in the academic field states: Never copy more than a reasonable portion of work, I. . Not more than 10% of a book or one article in a single periodical/journal. The act (98 of 1 978) tabulates that photocopying is permitted only if not more than one copy of a reasonable portion of work is made, having regard to the totality and meaning of the work. Students may make only one copy for private research or study purposes only (Potter, 2012:9). Failure to do so can result in a fine or imprisonment (Burger, 1992). The best way to avoid plagiarism is to reference correctly. Referencing is giving acknowledgement to the sources that you have used (Potter, 201 2:11).In academic writing different referencing systems are used, each with their own style and rules. The Harvard method, PAP, Vancouver and footnotes are all used by different faculties. Why exactly should you reference? It shows that appropriate information has been consulted and that your ideas relate to those of the experts, this ads authority to your argument. Correct referencing will also enable the reader to locate and consult the information that has been used to verify your data (2003). In following these basic guidelines one should be able to right an academic essay of high standards. Important things to remember is once all your research is gathered proper planning will ensure that your essay is well trucked and not a mess. Following the basic guidelines to the layout will give the reader good understanding of the text that is being read. Plagiarism is a crime and referencing should be done correctly to give credit where it is due and to avoid the implications of theft. With these ideas in mind ones essay will be a success. The Academic Essay: Final Draft will discuss all the things to know in regard to writing an academic essay.Firstly this essay will discuss how to conduct research for an academic essay, and explain in detail what research should be considered. Secondly this essay ill also discuss the planning and drafting of an academic essay of which the exact format will be assessed. Thirdly this essay will also discuss plagiarism and how it should not be committed in any form of academic writing. Lastly this essay will discuss referencing and the format used in an academic essay. To begin with, what is an academic essay and what is it used for? At university level one will be required to write many academic essays.Essays are written for many reasons, to explore, challenge, convince, entertain, etc. The academic essay is usually written to answer a question. It involves accurate research to inform the reader correctly. There is no foolproof method to produce a quality assignment. Every student will approach an essay differently; however, there are basic steps that have to be followed when writing an academic essay (Sessile, 1999). When doing research a basic understanding is required, attending lectures or classes will help with this (Aries, 2010:4). Research is a very important part to an essay.Without research the essay will not be able to give the reader a true depiction of information. Extensive research is fundamental to providing the reader with a did range of knowledge. When doing research many different sources should be used. Using techniques such as skimming, over viewing and scanning Will help to gain an overall understanding of the information being researched. The topic of the assignment should always be kept in mind. Do not go overboard, stick to the relevance of the topic when doing research. Always remember to take bibliographic details of the sources from where the information was sourced (Sessile, 1999).When looking for research make sure the source that is being used is creditable, especially when using the internet. Using a source such as Wisped is not safe; the information on that website is not accurate all Of the time. If not clear about the information that has been obtained it is better to double check it. When planning an essay there are many things to look at. A common failing in essays is the absence of any sense of overall unity and coherence. Teachers and lecturers frequently complain that, in writing their essays, students seem to write a paragraph and then pause to think, now what can I say next? , then another paragraph, another pause and so on. The points made in the essay seem to have been et down in random order, with little connection between them, and no sense of a coherently developing argument (Viziers, 1992:14) (Aries, 2010:4). Once the information has been gathered it needs to be structured. Most academic essays follow three elements: introduction, body and conclusion (Sessile, 1999). The introduction should be a short paragraph introducing the topic on which the essay will be written about. It should show what aspects the essay will be focusing on. The introduction is important in grabbing the readers attention.The body follows the introduction. It will be made up of many paragraphs. Each paragraph will discuss a topic in detail. The order of the paragraphs should be logical. Reliable evidence must be used in the body, helping to make the information as accurate as possible. Lastly there will be a conclusion. The conclusion will be a brief summary of the points that have been discussed. The conclusion should not be long, only a short paragraph (Aries: 2010:5). When writing an academic essay there is a few things that can guide a person. Never use a metaphor, simile or other figure of speech which one is used to seeing in text.Do not use a long word where a short one will be fine. If it is possible to cut out a word then cut it out. Never use the passive when the active can be used. Dont use scientific words or jargon when plain English can be used (Door, 2010). Do not use first person referencing or second person referencing. An academic essay should always have a rough draft. The rough draft should be the first ideas that come to mind. It is okay if it is not well structured or the length requirement. The final draft should be well edited; spell checked and in the correct format. This is the draft that will be assessed (Crisis, 2008). Plagiarism means: to copy someone elses ideas, rods, or work and pretend that they are your own (Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, 2010: 1 1 15). Plagiarism is an extremely serious matter when it comes to writing an essay. Stealing someone elses ideas is a crime and should not be taken lightly. Each idea used needs to be acknowledged with a footnote or in-text citation. If a direct quote is going to be used it must be enclosed in quotation marks. Ideas that have been gained from a source must be attributed to that source. All the sources that have been used must be listed in a source list or a bibliography. The copyright act that is used in he academic field states: Never copy more than a reasonable portion of work, I. E. Not more than 10% of a book or one article in a single periodical/ journal. The act (98 of 1978) stipulates that photocopying is permitted only if not more than one copy of a reasonable portion of work is made, having regard to the totality and meaning Of the work. Students may make only one copy for private research or study purposes only (Potter, 201 29). Failure to do so can result in a fine or imprisonment (Burger, 1992). The best way to avoid plagiarism is to reference correctly. Referencing is giving acknowledgement to the sources that has been used (Potter, 201 2:1 1 In academic writing different referencing systems are used, each with their own style and rules. The Harvard method, PAP, Vancouver and footnotes are all used by different faculties. Why exactly should one reference? It shows that appropriate information has been consulted and that the ideas relate to those of the experts, this ads authority to the argument. Correct referencing will also enable the reader to locate and consult the information that has been used to verify the data.

IT Risk Management for Data Security- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theIT Risk Management for Data Security. Answer: Introduction Data security is very much vital in every aspect of living. As a result of the massive breaches in the data by major corporations with respect to every industry data security is a talk of the tech world. The impact of the data securities can be of very much importance due to the factor of economic and reputation impact it causes (Carver, Minku Penzenstadler, 2017). This factor is the main reason of a massive shift going on in the world today. The different security point features that are available such as firewalls can be of very much benefit as they not only provide security but also take action to address the threats. There can different situation where a person wants to access a data on a network drive but does not have access to it. This happens at most appropriate time and as a result of which they need to get holds of the system administrator in order to grand them the permission. Access point is basically a technique of identifying a person doing a specific task or job which can be authenticated by looking at their identification with respect to which the access can be given. Information security model can be related to methods that are used in order to authenticate security policies as they are intended to provide a precise set of rules that a computer must follow (Angst el al., 2017) Security threads and risk assessment should be incorporated when there is a developing or implementing major changes to or acquires an information system. These are the basic components of the overall risk management aspect (Karim et al., 2017) IT Security Technology Landscape In recent times the information technology security lags behind and there is a huge mismatch on what the customer expect it to give and what the security technology delivers to them. From the point of view of the customer the security should be protecting an enterprise against any thread that can cause harm to it. On the other hand the security aspects should be easy to implement as should be considered as an easy approach. The gap which is created is lagging for a long time because the security industry is more focused on the point solution creation rather than holistic answer to any aspect regarding to the security issue (Moncayo Montenegro, 2016). So, there is a massive shift of security aspect that must be deployed in order to approach and resolve the overall security aspect as well as the technology landscape. IT Security Models Access Controls The models to the It security model gives a large scale of idea about the basic rules that should be followed by a computer to in order to implement the fundamental security concepts involved in it. The basic models are stated below: State machine model: according to this model a state is a systems snapshot at a specific time incident. The state machine model derives from the computer science definition which can be related to finite state machine ( FSM), which is meant to integrate an external input with an internal machine state in order to model all the system types which may include a decoder, parser and an interpreter. The main transition takes place when accepting or producing output and this always results in a new state. Bell- Lapadula Model: this model was mainly developed in order to formulize the U.S department of defense (DoD) multi level security policy. This model classifies the resources into major four parts as unclassified, confidential, secret and top secret. The model can be implemented in such a way that an individual cleared for the security level only has access documents labeled secret. This merely means only those resources are available to the concerned person who needs access to that particular resource and not all the resource. Access point mainly deals with the permission of a particular person in order to access specific information. The access control model has mainly four aspects mandatory access control (MAC), rule and based access control (RBAC or RB-RBAC) and discretionary access control (DAC). These all model address a specific point of access to an individual. A person cannot merely access each and every point (De Smet Mayer, 2016). Only if an individuals identification credentials are valid they would be allowed to pass through the information on the data. This aspect plays a vital role in the security of the data from unwanted personals accessing them (Buttyn, Flegyhzi Pk, 2016). IT Security Threat and risk assessment IT security threat can be described as anything that would be directly contributing to the destruction, tampering or interruption of any service related aspect. Threats merely always go with vulnerability which can be graded in a similar manner which can be measured in term of capability and motivation. The vulnerability aspect analysis phase may include testing with the objectives something which can be related to value for example text file, classification document or password file (Buttyn, 2016). It should be noted that this should be pre determined with the senior management who are concerned the security aspect related to any field. The assessment of the risk plays an important role the risk can be factored in various conditions and the assessment of the risk accordingly can decrease the effect of the risk and eventually decrease it. The level of protection and maintenance would be different in different areas. The measure would directly be depending upon the size of the IT depa rtment (Loonczi, Ne?as Na?, 2016). Conclusion It can be concluded from the report that the threads and the various aspects is not a mean of end at any point. It is merely a continous process which has ones started and would continue in the near future. The risk factors should be evaluated according and necessary actions in order to minimize the risk associated with the different scenario should be identified in order to decrease the overall affect of the risk. All security devices and control are very much important but they should be framed in a large picture always. References Angst, C. M., Block, E. S., DArcy, J., Kelley, K. (2017). When do IT security investments matter? Accounting for the influence of institutional factors in the context of healthcare data breaches. MIS Quarterly. Buttyn, L. (2016). Introduction to IT Security. Buttyn, L., Flegyhzi, M., Pk, G. (2016). Mentoring Talent in IT Security-A Case Study. In ASE@ USENIX Security Symposium. Carver, J. C., Minku, L. L., Penzenstadler, B. (2017). Requirements, Human Values, and the Development Technology Landscape. IEEE Software, 34(1), 13-15. De Smet, D., Mayer, N. (2016, October). Integration of it governance and security risk management: A systematic literature review. In Information Society (i-Society), 2016 International Conference on (pp. 143-148). IEEE. Karim, N. S. A., Saba, T., Albuolayan, A. (2017). Analysis of software security model in scenario of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964), 6(2), 304-316. Loonczi, P., Ne?as, P., Na?, N. (2016). RISK MANAGEMENT IN INFORMATION SECURITY. Journal of Management, (1), 28. Moncayo, D., Montenegro, C. (2016, October). Information security risk in SMEs: A hybrid model compatible with IFRS: Evaluation in two Ecuadorian SMEs of automotive sector. In Information Communication and Management (ICICM), International Conference on (pp. 115-120). IEEE.

IT Risk Management for Data Security- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theIT Risk Management for Data Security. Answer: Introduction Data security is very much vital in every aspect of living. As a result of the massive breaches in the data by major corporations with respect to every industry data security is a talk of the tech world. The impact of the data securities can be of very much importance due to the factor of economic and reputation impact it causes (Carver, Minku Penzenstadler, 2017). This factor is the main reason of a massive shift going on in the world today. The different security point features that are available such as firewalls can be of very much benefit as they not only provide security but also take action to address the threats. There can different situation where a person wants to access a data on a network drive but does not have access to it. This happens at most appropriate time and as a result of which they need to get holds of the system administrator in order to grand them the permission. Access point is basically a technique of identifying a person doing a specific task or job which can be authenticated by looking at their identification with respect to which the access can be given. Information security model can be related to methods that are used in order to authenticate security policies as they are intended to provide a precise set of rules that a computer must follow (Angst el al., 2017) Security threads and risk assessment should be incorporated when there is a developing or implementing major changes to or acquires an information system. These are the basic components of the overall risk management aspect (Karim et al., 2017) IT Security Technology Landscape In recent times the information technology security lags behind and there is a huge mismatch on what the customer expect it to give and what the security technology delivers to them. From the point of view of the customer the security should be protecting an enterprise against any thread that can cause harm to it. On the other hand the security aspects should be easy to implement as should be considered as an easy approach. The gap which is created is lagging for a long time because the security industry is more focused on the point solution creation rather than holistic answer to any aspect regarding to the security issue (Moncayo Montenegro, 2016). So, there is a massive shift of security aspect that must be deployed in order to approach and resolve the overall security aspect as well as the technology landscape. IT Security Models Access Controls The models to the It security model gives a large scale of idea about the basic rules that should be followed by a computer to in order to implement the fundamental security concepts involved in it. The basic models are stated below: State machine model: according to this model a state is a systems snapshot at a specific time incident. The state machine model derives from the computer science definition which can be related to finite state machine ( FSM), which is meant to integrate an external input with an internal machine state in order to model all the system types which may include a decoder, parser and an interpreter. The main transition takes place when accepting or producing output and this always results in a new state. Bell- Lapadula Model: this model was mainly developed in order to formulize the U.S department of defense (DoD) multi level security policy. This model classifies the resources into major four parts as unclassified, confidential, secret and top secret. The model can be implemented in such a way that an individual cleared for the security level only has access documents labeled secret. This merely means only those resources are available to the concerned person who needs access to that particular resource and not all the resource. Access point mainly deals with the permission of a particular person in order to access specific information. The access control model has mainly four aspects mandatory access control (MAC), rule and based access control (RBAC or RB-RBAC) and discretionary access control (DAC). These all model address a specific point of access to an individual. A person cannot merely access each and every point (De Smet Mayer, 2016). Only if an individuals identification credentials are valid they would be allowed to pass through the information on the data. This aspect plays a vital role in the security of the data from unwanted personals accessing them (Buttyn, Flegyhzi Pk, 2016). IT Security Threat and risk assessment IT security threat can be described as anything that would be directly contributing to the destruction, tampering or interruption of any service related aspect. Threats merely always go with vulnerability which can be graded in a similar manner which can be measured in term of capability and motivation. The vulnerability aspect analysis phase may include testing with the objectives something which can be related to value for example text file, classification document or password file (Buttyn, 2016). It should be noted that this should be pre determined with the senior management who are concerned the security aspect related to any field. The assessment of the risk plays an important role the risk can be factored in various conditions and the assessment of the risk accordingly can decrease the effect of the risk and eventually decrease it. The level of protection and maintenance would be different in different areas. The measure would directly be depending upon the size of the IT depa rtment (Loonczi, Ne?as Na?, 2016). Conclusion It can be concluded from the report that the threads and the various aspects is not a mean of end at any point. It is merely a continous process which has ones started and would continue in the near future. The risk factors should be evaluated according and necessary actions in order to minimize the risk associated with the different scenario should be identified in order to decrease the overall affect of the risk. All security devices and control are very much important but they should be framed in a large picture always. References Angst, C. M., Block, E. S., DArcy, J., Kelley, K. (2017). When do IT security investments matter? Accounting for the influence of institutional factors in the context of healthcare data breaches. MIS Quarterly. Buttyn, L. (2016). Introduction to IT Security. Buttyn, L., Flegyhzi, M., Pk, G. (2016). Mentoring Talent in IT Security-A Case Study. In ASE@ USENIX Security Symposium. Carver, J. C., Minku, L. L., Penzenstadler, B. (2017). Requirements, Human Values, and the Development Technology Landscape. IEEE Software, 34(1), 13-15. De Smet, D., Mayer, N. (2016, October). Integration of it governance and security risk management: A systematic literature review. In Information Society (i-Society), 2016 International Conference on (pp. 143-148). IEEE. Karim, N. S. A., Saba, T., Albuolayan, A. (2017). Analysis of software security model in scenario of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964), 6(2), 304-316. Loonczi, P., Ne?as, P., Na?, N. (2016). RISK MANAGEMENT IN INFORMATION SECURITY. Journal of Management, (1), 28. Moncayo, D., Montenegro, C. (2016, October). Information security risk in SMEs: A hybrid model compatible with IFRS: Evaluation in two Ecuadorian SMEs of automotive sector. In Information Communication and Management (ICICM), International Conference on (pp. 115-120). IEEE.

IT Risk Management for Data Security- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theIT Risk Management for Data Security. Answer: Introduction Data security is very much vital in every aspect of living. As a result of the massive breaches in the data by major corporations with respect to every industry data security is a talk of the tech world. The impact of the data securities can be of very much importance due to the factor of economic and reputation impact it causes (Carver, Minku Penzenstadler, 2017). This factor is the main reason of a massive shift going on in the world today. The different security point features that are available such as firewalls can be of very much benefit as they not only provide security but also take action to address the threats. There can different situation where a person wants to access a data on a network drive but does not have access to it. This happens at most appropriate time and as a result of which they need to get holds of the system administrator in order to grand them the permission. Access point is basically a technique of identifying a person doing a specific task or job which can be authenticated by looking at their identification with respect to which the access can be given. Information security model can be related to methods that are used in order to authenticate security policies as they are intended to provide a precise set of rules that a computer must follow (Angst el al., 2017) Security threads and risk assessment should be incorporated when there is a developing or implementing major changes to or acquires an information system. These are the basic components of the overall risk management aspect (Karim et al., 2017) IT Security Technology Landscape In recent times the information technology security lags behind and there is a huge mismatch on what the customer expect it to give and what the security technology delivers to them. From the point of view of the customer the security should be protecting an enterprise against any thread that can cause harm to it. On the other hand the security aspects should be easy to implement as should be considered as an easy approach. The gap which is created is lagging for a long time because the security industry is more focused on the point solution creation rather than holistic answer to any aspect regarding to the security issue (Moncayo Montenegro, 2016). So, there is a massive shift of security aspect that must be deployed in order to approach and resolve the overall security aspect as well as the technology landscape. IT Security Models Access Controls The models to the It security model gives a large scale of idea about the basic rules that should be followed by a computer to in order to implement the fundamental security concepts involved in it. The basic models are stated below: State machine model: according to this model a state is a systems snapshot at a specific time incident. The state machine model derives from the computer science definition which can be related to finite state machine ( FSM), which is meant to integrate an external input with an internal machine state in order to model all the system types which may include a decoder, parser and an interpreter. The main transition takes place when accepting or producing output and this always results in a new state. Bell- Lapadula Model: this model was mainly developed in order to formulize the U.S department of defense (DoD) multi level security policy. This model classifies the resources into major four parts as unclassified, confidential, secret and top secret. The model can be implemented in such a way that an individual cleared for the security level only has access documents labeled secret. This merely means only those resources are available to the concerned person who needs access to that particular resource and not all the resource. Access point mainly deals with the permission of a particular person in order to access specific information. The access control model has mainly four aspects mandatory access control (MAC), rule and based access control (RBAC or RB-RBAC) and discretionary access control (DAC). These all model address a specific point of access to an individual. A person cannot merely access each and every point (De Smet Mayer, 2016). Only if an individuals identification credentials are valid they would be allowed to pass through the information on the data. This aspect plays a vital role in the security of the data from unwanted personals accessing them (Buttyn, Flegyhzi Pk, 2016). IT Security Threat and risk assessment IT security threat can be described as anything that would be directly contributing to the destruction, tampering or interruption of any service related aspect. Threats merely always go with vulnerability which can be graded in a similar manner which can be measured in term of capability and motivation. The vulnerability aspect analysis phase may include testing with the objectives something which can be related to value for example text file, classification document or password file (Buttyn, 2016). It should be noted that this should be pre determined with the senior management who are concerned the security aspect related to any field. The assessment of the risk plays an important role the risk can be factored in various conditions and the assessment of the risk accordingly can decrease the effect of the risk and eventually decrease it. The level of protection and maintenance would be different in different areas. The measure would directly be depending upon the size of the IT depa rtment (Loonczi, Ne?as Na?, 2016). Conclusion It can be concluded from the report that the threads and the various aspects is not a mean of end at any point. It is merely a continous process which has ones started and would continue in the near future. The risk factors should be evaluated according and necessary actions in order to minimize the risk associated with the different scenario should be identified in order to decrease the overall affect of the risk. All security devices and control are very much important but they should be framed in a large picture always. References Angst, C. M., Block, E. S., DArcy, J., Kelley, K. (2017). When do IT security investments matter? Accounting for the influence of institutional factors in the context of healthcare data breaches. MIS Quarterly. Buttyn, L. (2016). Introduction to IT Security. Buttyn, L., Flegyhzi, M., Pk, G. (2016). Mentoring Talent in IT Security-A Case Study. In ASE@ USENIX Security Symposium. Carver, J. C., Minku, L. L., Penzenstadler, B. (2017). Requirements, Human Values, and the Development Technology Landscape. IEEE Software, 34(1), 13-15. De Smet, D., Mayer, N. (2016, October). Integration of it governance and security risk management: A systematic literature review. In Information Society (i-Society), 2016 International Conference on (pp. 143-148). IEEE. Karim, N. S. A., Saba, T., Albuolayan, A. (2017). Analysis of software security model in scenario of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964), 6(2), 304-316. Loonczi, P., Ne?as, P., Na?, N. (2016). RISK MANAGEMENT IN INFORMATION SECURITY. Journal of Management, (1), 28. Moncayo, D., Montenegro, C. (2016, October). Information security risk in SMEs: A hybrid model compatible with IFRS: Evaluation in two Ecuadorian SMEs of automotive sector. In Information Communication and Management (ICICM), International Conference on (pp. 115-120). IEEE.

Enzyme Activity Ia Essay Example

Enzyme Activity Ia Essay Year 11 IB Biology IA Report 2011 5/31/2011 Enzyme Activity Experiment Introduction3 AIM3 Materials3 Method4 Result5 Table 1:5 Table 2:5 Graph 16 Discussion6 Conclusion8 Bibliography9 Appendix 1 (Test tube 3- 45 degrees)9 Appendix 2 (Test tube 1- 5 degrees)9 Appendix 3 (Test tube 2- 20 degrees)9 Introduction Phenolphthalein is an indicator that is pink in alkaline solutions of about pH10. When the pH drops below pH 8. 3 phenolphthalein will go colourless. Here, an alkaline solution of milk, lipase and phenolphthalein will change from pink to colourless as the fat in milk is broken down to form fatty acids (and glycerol) thus reducing the pH to below 8. 3. The time taken for this reaction to occur is affected by temperature. AIM To investigate the effects of increasing temperature on the activity of enzyme Lipase. Materials * Milk, full-fat or semi-skimmed, 5 cm3 per student per temperature assessed * Phenolphthalein in a dropper bottle (see note 1) * 5% lipase solution, 1 cm3 per student per temperature assessed * Sodium carbonate solution, 0. 05 mol dm-3, 7 cm3 per student per temperature assessed * Electric hot water baths set to a range of temperatures, each containing a thermometer, a test-tube rack and a beaker of lipase solution. * Ice * Marker pen * Test tube rack * Measuring cylinder (or syringe), 10 cm3, 2 * Beaker, 100 cm3, 2 (for milk and sodium carbonate solution) * Beaker, 250 cm3, 2 (to act as water baths for temperatures below room temperature) * Thermometer * Test tube * Glass rod * Syringe, 2 cm3 * Stop clock/stopwatch Method 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Enzyme Activity Ia specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Enzyme Activity Ia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Enzyme Activity Ia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Label a test tube with the temperature to be investigated. 2. Add 5 drops of phenolphthalein to the test tube. 3. Measure out 5 cm3 of milk using a measuring cylinder (or syringe) and add this to the test tube. 4. Measure out 7 cm3 of sodium carbonate solution using another measuring cylinder (or syringe) and add this to the test tube. The solution should be pink. 5. Place a thermometer in the test tube. Take care as the equipment could topple over. 6. Place the test tube in a water bath and leave until the contents reach the same temperature as the water bath. . Remove the thermometer from the test tube and replace it with a glass rod. 8. Use the 2 cm3 syringe to measure out 1 cm3 of lipase from the beaker in the water bath for the temperature you are investigating. 9. Add the lipase to the test tube and start the stopclock/ stopwatch. 10. Stir the contents of the test tube until the solution loses its pink colour. 11. Stop the clock/ watch and note the time in a suitable table of r esults. Result Table 1: | Test tube 1 5 degrees| Test tube 220 degrees| Test tube 345 degrees| Test tube 465 degrees| Time (min: sec: usec)| 31:04:86 ()| 16:26:17| 2:09:03| 32:20:74 ()| Notes| The test tube was breakdown before the liquid (milk) turns white| Complete| Complete| The liquid didn’t turn white, and colour of the liquid (Milk) was light pink| Table 2: Time (Min)| Test Tube 15 degrees| Test tube 220 degrees| Test tube 345 degrees| Test tube 465 degrees| 00:00:00| | | Light pink| | 02:00:00| | Pink | Completed| | 04:00:00| | | | Turn light pink| 06:00:00| | Light pink| | | 08:00:00| Turned light pink| | | | 10:00:00| | | | lighter| 2:00:00| | White with Pink| | | 14:00:00| Lighter| | | White with pink| 16:00:00| | Completed| | | 18:00:00| | | | | 20:00:00| | | | | 22:00:00| | | | | 24:00:00| | | | | 26:00:00| Really Light pink| | | | 28:00:00| White with pink| | | | 30:00:00| | | | | Graph 1 Discussion As the introduction of this report shown that the phenolphthalein is an indicator that is pink solution of about pH10, and when the pH drops below pH8. 3 phenol phthalein goes colourless. Through this report, the aim is to investigate the effect of increasing temperature on the activity of the enzyme lipase. The data of the experiment results showed that the sample [Test tube 1] in five degrees took around 31 minutes and 04 seconds to turns into light pink, but the testing wasn’t complete, as the test tube was break down before it completed, but record from another group’s result, it took around 50 minutes for the sample to completely turn white. (Result from Sumin’s group). The sample [Test tube 2] in 20 degrees took around 16 minutes and 26 seconds to complete the reaction and completely turned white. The sample [Test tube 3] took around 2 minutes and 09 seconds to complete the reaction and this sample took the shortest time to complete the reaction. The sample [Test tube 4] took around 32 minutes and 21 seconds to turn into very light pink (White with pink), but it didn’t complete the reaction as the time was run out. As the result, it shows that the temperature between 20 to 45 degrees is the best environment for the fat in milk to broken down to fatty acids and glycerol thus reducing the pH to below 8. and the taken time will increase if the temperature is over 45 degrees and the lipase might not break down the fat in milk or not work at all. The temperature affected the action of the fat breaks down to fatty acids and glycerol (lipase) in this way because when the temperature increase and then the time taken for the reaction will also increase by increase the collision rate between the substrate molecules and enzymes. The fastest time for the reaction is at the suitable and advantageous temperature for the enzymes which is between 20 to 45 degrees (Â ± 5 degrees). The time taken for the reaction will decrease from 5 degrees to 45 degrees, but the time will increase since the temperature is reach and over 45 degrees, as the protein structure of the enzyme will denatured by the high temperature and the enzyme is de-activated and the molecule is lose its shape. (University of Maryland Medical Center, 2009) Recording from the experiment result, the best temperature for the fat in milk breaks down to fatty acids and glycerol is between 20 to 45 degrees and it might not work really well when the temperature is over 45 degrees. On another hand, there are some weaknesses need to be improve in the experiment. Firstly, the water temperature for the Test tubes to stay in was under/ over the temperature that was suggest in the experiment as the temperature of the water was hard to control as the exactly temperature that the instruction suggested, so the group was recommend that a member from the group needs to add extra hot water/ extra ice when the temperature of the water is under/ over the temperature recommended. Secondly, the group set up and put all the test samples in the test tube at the beginning of the experiment and suddenly left the samples in the room temperature for almost 10 minutes before the group start the experiment; therefore, the results from the experiment might be wrong as the solution in the test tube might affects the lipase during the break time. As the result, the group suggest to mix up the solution and the test samples before the experiment starts, and the break time gap is not allowed. Thirdly, the syringe wasn’t used to measure out the lipase, so the group chose to restart the experiment as the results may have changed. However, after restarting the experiment as a whole, the experiment was a lot more successful and there was more care. Finally, these improvements will be use as a reference in the next class experiment. Conclusion In conclusion, the results from the experiment shown that the best temperature for the fat in milk to break down to fatty acids and glycerol is 45 degrees and the reaction will not work really well since the temperature are over 45 degrees. Also, recording from the graph, the test tube 3 (45 degrees) spent less time to complete the process and the test tube 4 (60 degrees) spent more time to turn the colour of the liquid into light pink and the process/ reaction didn’t complete in the end. As well, the information shown at the website of the University of Maryland Medical Centre displayed that the protein structure of the enzyme will denatured by the high temperature and the enzyme is deactivated and the molecule is lose its shape when the temperature is over 45 degrees. University of Maryland Medical Center, 2009). As the result, when the temperature increase from zero degrees to 45 degrees, the time taken for the reaction will decrease, but the reaction starts slow down since the temperature is reach and over 45 degrees. Bibliography University of Maryland Medical Center. (2009). Retrieved from Lipase: http://www. umm. edu/altmed/articles/lipase-000311. htm Appendix Appendix 1 (Test tube 3- 45 degrees) Appendix 2 (Test tube 1- 5 degrees) Appendix 3 (Test tube 2- 20 degrees)